Abstract
In the current galaxy formation scenarios, two physical phenomena are invoked to build disk galaxies: hierarchical mergers and more quiescent external gas accretion, coming from intergalactic filaments. Although both are thought to play a role, their relative importance is not known precisely. Here we consider the constraints on these scenarios brought by the observation-deduced star formation history on the one hand, and observed dynamics of galaxies on the other hand: the high frequency of bars and spirals, the high frequency of perturbations such as lopsidedness, warps, or polar rings. All these observations are not easily reproduced in simulations without important gas accretion. N-body simulations taking into account the mass exchange between stars and gas through star formation and feedback, can reproduce the data, only if galaxies double their mass in about 10 Gyr through gas accretion. Warped and polar ring systems are good tracers of this accretion, which occurs from cold gas which has not been virialised in the system’s potential. The relative importance of these phenomena are compared between the field and rich clusters. The respective role of mergers and gas accretion vary considerably with environment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Andersen V.: 1996 AJ 111, 1805
Baldwin J., Lynden-Bell D., Sancisi R.: 1980, MNRAS 193, 313
Balogh, M., Eke, V., Miller, C. et al.: 2004, MNRAS 348, 1355
Balogh, M.L., Morris, S.L., Yee, H. K. C. et al: 1999, ApJ 527, 54
Bekki, K. 1997, ApJ, 490L, 37
Bekki, K. 1998, ApJ, 499, 635
Bekki, K., Couch W., Shioya Y.: 2002, ApJ 577, 651
Berentzen, I., Athanassoula, E., Heller, C. H., Fricke, K. J.: 2004 MNRAS 347, 220
Binney J.: 1992 ARAA 30, 51
Blitz L., Spergel D., Teuben P. et al.: 1999, ApJ 514, 818
Block D., Bournaud F., Combes E, Puerari I., Buta R.: 2002, AA 394, L35
Bournaud E, Combes E: 2004, AA Letter, in press
Bournaud E, Combes F.: 2003, AA 401, 817
Bournaud E, Combes F.: 2002, AA 392, 83
Briggs F.H.: 1990 ApJ 352, 15
Brocca, C., Bettoni, D., Galletta, G.: 1997 AA 326, 907
Bullock, J. S., Dekel, A., Kolatt, T. S. et al.: 2001, ApJ 555, 240
Buta R., Laurikainen E., Salo H.: 2004, AJ 127, 279
Butcher, H., Oemler, A.: 1978, ApJ 219, 18
Butcher, H., Oemler, A.: 1984, ApJ 285, 426
Casuso E., Beckman J E • 2001, ApJ 557, 681
Combes F., Jog C., Bournaud F., Puerari I.: 2004, AA in prep
Combes F.: 2003, IAU Symp. 217, Recycling intergalactic and interstellar matter, ASP Conf Series, ed. P-A. Duc et al. (astro-ph/0308293)
Couch W.J., Balogh, M.L., Bower, R.G. et al.: 2001, ApJ 549, 820
Diaferio A., Kauffmann G., Balogh M.L. et al.: 2001, MNRAS 323, 999
Dressler, A.: 1980 ApJ 236, 351
Dressler, A., Oemler A., Couch W.J. et al.: 1997, ApJ 490, 577
Dressler, A., Smail, I., Poggianti, B. et al.: 1999 ApJS 122, 51
Elmegreen D.M., Elmegreen B.G., Frogel J.A. et al: 2002 AJ 124, 777
Eskridge, P. B., Frogel, J. A., Pogge, R. W., et al.: 2000, AJ 119, 536
Gerin, M., Combes, E, Athanassoula, E.: 1990 AA 230, 37
Gnedin, 0.: 2003, ApJ 582, 141 and ApJ 589, 752
Gomez, P., Nichol, R., Miller, C. et al.: 2003, ApJ 584, 210
Goto, T., Yamauchi, C., Fujita, Y. et al.: 2003, MNRAS, 346, 601
Gottloeber, S., Klypin, A., Kravtsov, A. V.: 2001, ApJ 546, 223
Hasan, H., Norman, C.A.: 1990, ApJ 361, 69
Hasan, H., Pfenniger, D., Norman, C.: 1993, ApJ 409, 91
Haywood M., Robin A.C., Creze M.: 1997, AA 320, 428 440
Heavens, A., Panter, B., Jimenez, R., Dunlop, J.: 2004, Nature, 428, 625
Hozumi S., Hernquist L.: 1999, in “Galaxy Dynamics”, ASP Conf Series, ed. D. R. Merritt, M.
Valluri, and J. A. Sellwood, Vol 182, p. 259
Jiang I-G., Binney J.: 1999 MNRAS 303, L7
Jimenez R., Panter B., Heavens A., Verde L.: 2004, MNRAS, preprint
Kennicutt, R. C., Tamblyn, P., Congdon, C. E.: 1994, ApJ 435, 22
Kennicutt, R. C.: 1983, ApJ 272, 54
Kormendy J., Kennicutt, R. C.: 2004, ARAA, in press
Kornreich, D. A., Haynes, M. P., Lovelace, R. V. E.: 1998, AJ 116, 2154
Lavery R.J., Henry J.P.: 1988, ApJ 330, 596
Lewis, I., Balogh, M., de Propris, R. et al. 2002: MNRAS 334, 673
Lopez-Corredoira, M., Beckman, J. E., Casuso, E.: 1999 AA 351, 920
Lopez-Corredoira, M., Betancort-Rijo, J., Beckman, J. E.: 2002, AA 386, 169
Matthews, L. D., van Driel, W., Gallagher, J. S.: 1998, Ai 116, 2196
Mihos J.C., Hernquist L.: 1996, ApJ 464, 641
Miwa, T., Noguchi, M.: 1998 ApJ 499, 149
Moore, B.: 2003, in Clusters of Galaxies: Probes of Cosmological Structure and Galaxy Evolution, Carnegie Observatories Symposium III. (astro-ph/0306596)
Nagamine K., Springel V., Hernquist L., Machacek M.: 2004, MNRAS 350, 385
Oemler, A., Dressler, A., Butcher, H.: 1997 ApJ 474, 561
Poggianti, B., Bridges T.J., Carter, D. et al.: 2001 ApJ 563, 118
Poggianti, B., Smail, I., Dressler, A. et al.: 1999 Api 518, 576
Rana, N. C., Wilkinson, D. A.: 1986 MNRAS, 218, 497
Reshetnikov V., Combes E: 1998 AA 337, 9
Reshetnikov, V., Sotnikova, N. 1997, AA, 325, 933
Richter O., Sancisi R.: 1994, AA 290, 9
Rix, H-W., Zaritsky D.: 1995, ApJ 447, 82
Rocha-Pinto, H. J., Scalo, J., Maciel, W. J., Flynn, C.: 2000, AN 531, L115
Rocha-Pinto H.J., Maciel W.J.: 1996, MNRAS 279, 447
Sadat R., Blanchard A.: 2001 AA 371, 19
Schweizer, F., Whitmore, B. C., Rubin, V. C. 1983, AJ, 88, 909
Semelin B., Combes F.: 2004, AA in prep.
Shioya Y., Bekki K., Couch W.: 2004, ApJ 601, 654
Solanes, J., Manrique, A., Garcia-Gomez, C. et al.: 2001, ApJ 548, 97
Somerville R.S., Primack J.R.: 1999, MNRAS 310, 1087
Somerville R.S., Primack J.R.: 1998, Proceedings of the Xth Rencontre de Blois
Storrie-Lombardi, L.J., McMahon, R.G., Irwin M.J.: 1996, MNRAS, 283, L79
Taniguchi, Y., Shibata, K., Wakamatsu, K.-I.: 1986 ApSS 118, 529
Tissera P.: 2000, ApJ 534, 636
Thompson L.A.: 1981 ApJ 244, L43
Toth G., Ostriker J.P.: 1992, ApJ 389, 5
Valageas, P., Schaeffer, R., Silk, J.: 2002 AA 388, 741
van den Bergh, S.: 2002, AJ 124, 782
van den Bergh, S.: 1976 ApJ 206, 883
Wakker B.P., Howk J.C., Savage B.D. et al.: 1999 Nature, 402, 388
Walker, I. R., Mihos, J. C.; Hernquist, L.: 1996, ApJ 460, 121
Wechsler, R. H., Bullock, J. S., Primack, et al.: 2002, ApJ 568, 52
Wilcots, E. M., Prescott, M. K. M.: 2004, AJ 127, 1900
Whitmore, B. C., Lucas, R. A. 1990, Ai, 100, 1489
Whyte L.F., Abraham R.G., Merrifield M.R.et al.: 2002, MNRAS 336, 1281
Worthey G., Espana A.L.: 2004, in Origin and Evolution of the Elements, Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, A. McWilliam and M. Rauch Ed.
Zaritsky D., Rix, H-W.: 1997, ApJ 477, 118
Zwaan M.A., Briggs F.H., Sprayberry D., Sorar E.: 1997, ApJ 490, 173
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this paper
Cite this paper
Combes, F. (2004). Secular Evolution Versus Hierarchical Merging: Galaxy Evolution Along the Hubble Sequence, in the Field and Rich Environments. In: Block, D.L., Puerari, I., Freeman, K.C., Groess, R., Block, E.K. (eds) Penetrating Bars through Masks of Cosmic Dust. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 319. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2862-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2862-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-015-7085-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2862-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive