Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Peptide Hormones for Defense, Growth, Development and Reproduction

  • Chapter
Plant Hormones

Abstract

Peptide hormones are extracellular signaling molecules that are commonly found in animals and plants (38). A broad spectrum of physiological processes are regulated by peptide signals including metabolism, cell division, growth, pain, well being, reproduction and immunity, as examples. The first peptide hormone, insulin, was isolated in 1921 (1), which led to the isolation of hundreds of peptide signals from animals and, more recently, to their isolation from plants (34). The majority of our fundamental knowledge about peptide signals has been from studies in animals, where peptide hormones are synthesized through the secretory pathway and are derived from larger precursor proteins by proteolytic processing enzymes. Two general classes of peptide hormones are found in animals, endocrine hormones (10) and membrane-anchored cytokines and growth factors (21).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Banting FG, Best BA (1922) The internal secretion of the pancreas. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 7: 251-266

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bergey D, Howe G, Ryan CA (1996) Polypeptide signaling for plant defensive genes exhibits analogies to defense signaling in animals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 93: 12053-12058

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Brand U, Hobe M, Simon R (2001) Functional domains in plant shoot meristems. Bioessays 23: 131-141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Casson SA, Chilley PM, Topping JF, Evans IM, Souter MA, Lindsey K (2002) The POLARIS gene of Arabidopsis encodes a predicted peptide required for correct root growth and leaf vascular patterning. Plant Cell 14: 1705-1721

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Clark SE (1997) Organ formation at the vegetative shoot meristem. Plant Cell 9: 1067-1076

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Clark SE (2001) Cell signaling at the shoot merirstem. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2: 276-284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Clark SE, Williams RW, Meyerowitz EM (1997) The CLAVATA1 gene encodes a putative receptor kinase that controls shoot and floral meristem size in Arabidopsis. Cell 89: 575-585

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Clark SE, Running MP, Meyerowitz EM (1995) CLAVATA3 is a specific regulator of shoot and floral meristem development affecting the same processes as CLAVATA1. Development 122: 1567-1575

    Google Scholar 

  9. Cock JM, McCormick S (2001). A large family of genes that share homology with CLAVATA3. Plant Physiol. 126: 939-942

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Douglass J, Civelli O, Herbert E (1984) Polyprotein gene expression: Generation of diversity of neuroendocrine peptides. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 53: 665-715

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Fletcher JC, Brand U, Running MP, Simon R, Meyerowitz EM (1999) Signaling of cell fate decisions by CLAVATA3 in Arabidopsis shoot meristems. Science 283: 1911-1914

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Franklin-Tong VE, Franklin, FCH (2000) Self-incompatibility in Brassica: The elusive pollen S gene is identified. Plant Cell 12: 305-308

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Geurts R, Bisseling T (2002) Rhizobium nod factor perception and signaling. Plant Cell 14: S239-S249

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Gu T, Mazzurco M, Sulaman W, Matias DD, Goring DR (1998) Binding of an arm repeat protein to the kinase domain of the S-locus receptor kinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 382-387

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Harris RB (1989) Processing of pro-hormone precursor proteins. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 275: 315-333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Haruta M and Constabel CP (2003) Rapid alkalinization factors in poplar cell cultures. Peptide isolation, cDNA cloning, and differential expression in leaves and methyl jasmonate-treated cells. Plant Physiol. 131: 814-823

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Jeong S, Trotochaud AE, Clark SE (1999) The Arabidopsis CLAVATA2 gene encodes a receptor-like protein required for the stability of the CLAVATA1 receptor-like kinase. Plant Cell 11: 1925-1935

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Kachroo A, Nasrallah ME, Nasrallah JB (2002) Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae: Receptor-ligand signaling and cell-to-cell communication. Plant Cell 14: S227-S238

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kende H, Zeevaart JAD (1997) The five “classical” hormones. Plant Cell 9:1197-1210

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Mandava NB (1988) Plant growth-promoting brassinosteroids. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Mol. Biol. 39, 23-52

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Massague J, Pandiella A (1993) Membrane-anchored growth factors. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 62: 515-541

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Matsubayashi Y, Ohawa M, Morita A, Sakagami Y (2002) An LRR receptor kinase involved in perception of a peptide plant hormone, phytosulfokine. Science 296: 1470-1472

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Matsubayashi Y, Sakagami Y (1996) Phytosulfokine, sulfated peptides that induce the proliferation of single mesophyll cells of Asparagus officinalis L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 7623-7627

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Matsubayashi Y, Takagi L, Omura N, Morita A, Sakagami Y (1999) The endogenous mitogenic peptide, phytosulfokine- α stimulates the tracheary element differentiation of isolated mesophyll cells of Zinnia. Plant Physiol 120: 1043-1048

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Meyerowitz EM (1997) Genetic control of cell division patterns in developing plants. Cell 88: 299-308

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. McGurl B, Pearce G, Orozco-Cardenas M, Ryan CA (1992) Structure, expression and antisense inhibition of the systemin precursor gene. Science 255: 1570-1573

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Montoya T, Nomura T, Farrar K, Kaneta T, Yokota T, Bishop GJ (2002) Cloning the tomato curl3 gene highlights the putative dual role of the leucine-rich receptor kinase tBRI1/SR160 in plant steroid hormone and peptide hormone signaling. Plant Cell 14: 3163-3176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Nakajima K, Benfey PN (2002) Signaling in and out: Control of cell division and differentiation in the shoot and root. Plant Cell 14: S265-S276

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Narvaez-Vasquez J, Ryan CA The cellular localization of prosystemin: A functional role for phloem parenchyma in systemic wound signaling. In Review

    Google Scholar 

  30. Nasrallah JB, Kao TH, Chen CH, Goldberg ML, Nasrallah ME. (1987) Amino acid sequence of glycoproteins encoded by three alleles of the S locus of Brassica oleracea. Nature 326: 617-619

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Pearce G, Moura DS, Stratmann J, and Ryan CA (2001) Production of multiple plant hormones from a single polyprotein precursor. Nature 411: 817-820

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Pearce G, Moura DS, Stratmann J, Ryan CA (2001) RALF, a 49 amino acid polypeptide signal arrests root growth and development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 12843-12847

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Pearce G, Ryan CA (2003) Systemic signaling in tomato plants for defense against herbivores: A sinle precursor contains thee defense-signaling pepides J. Biol. Chem. In press

    Google Scholar 

  34. Pearce G, Strydom D, Johnson S, Ryan CA (1991) A polypeptide from tomato leaves activates the expression of proteinase inhibitor genes. Science 253: 895-897

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Röhrig H, Schmidt J, Miklashevichs E, Schell J, Hohn M (2002) Soybean ENOD40 encodes two peptides that bind to sucrose synthase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 1915-1920

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Rojo E, Sharma VK, Kovleva V, Raikel NV, Fletcher JC (2002) CLV3 is localized to the extracellular space, where it activates the Arabidopsis CLAVATA stem cell signaling pathway. Plant Cell, 14: 969-977

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Ryan CA (2000) The systemin signaling pathway: differential activation of plant defensive genes. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 1477: 112-121

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Ryan CA, Pearce G, Moura DS, Scheer JM (2002) Polypeptide hormones. Plant Cell 14: S251-S264

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Scheer JM, Ryan CA (1999) A 160 kDa systemin cell surface receptor on Lycopersicon peruvanium cultured cells. The Plant Cell 11: 1525-1535

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Scheer JM, Ryan CA (2002) The systemin receptor SR160 from Lycopersicon esculentum is a member of the LRR receptor kinase family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. in press.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Schopfer CR, Nasrallah ME, Nasrallah JB (1999) The male determinant of selfincompatabilidty in Brassica. Science 286: 1697-1700

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Staehelin C, Charon, C, Boller T, Crespi M, Konderosi A (2001) Medicago truncatula plants overexpressing the early nodulin gene ENOD40 exhibit accelerated mycorrhizal colonization and enhanced formation of arbuscles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 15366-15371

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Takayama S, Shiba H, Iwano M, Shimasato H, Che, F-S, Kai N, Watanabe M, Suzuki KG, Hinata K, Isogai A (2000) The pollen determinant of self-incompatability in Brassica campestris. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 1920-1925

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Toumadje A, Johnson WC, Jr. (1995) Systemin has the characteristics of a poly(Lproline) II type helix. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117: 7023-7024

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Trotochaud AE, Hao T, Wu G, Yang S, Clark SE (1999). The CLAVATA1 receptor-like kinase requires CLAVATA3 for its assembly into a signaling complex that includes KAPP and a Rho-related protein. Plant Cell 11, 393-405

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. van de Sande K, Pawlowski K, Czaja I, Wieneke U, Schell J, Schmidt J, Walden R, Matvienko M, Wellink J, van Kammen A, Frannsen H, Bisseling T (1996) Modification of phytohormone response by a peptide encoded by ENOD40 of legumes and a nonlegume. Science 273: 370-373

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Wen J. Lease KA, Walker JC (2003) he DVL family of small polypeptides regulates Arabidopsis development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA in review

    Google Scholar 

  48. Yamazaki T, Takaoka M, Katoh E, Hanada K, Sakita M, Sakata K, Nishiuchi Y, Hirano H. (2003) A possible physiological function and the tertiary structure of a 4-kDa peptide in legumes. Eur. J. Biochem. 270: 1269-1276

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Yang H, Matsubayashi Y, Hanai H, Sakagami Y (2000) Phytosulfokine-_, a peptide growth factor found in higher plants: Its structure, functions, precursor and receptors. Plant Cell Physiol. 41: 825-830

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Yang H, Matsubayashi Y, Nakamura K, Sakagami Y (1999) Oryza sativa PSK gene encodes a precursor of phytosulfokine-_, a sulfated peptide growth factor found in plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 13560-13565

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Yang H, Matsubayashi Y, Nakamura K, Sakagami Y (2001) Diversity of Arabidopsis genes encoding precursors for phytosulfokines, a peptide growth factor. Plant Physiol. 127: 842-851

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6340, USA

    Clarence A. Ryan & Gregory Pearce

Authors
  1. Clarence A. Ryan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gregory Pearce
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Clarence A. Ryan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Peter J. Davies

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ryan, C.A., Pearce, G. (2010). Peptide Hormones for Defense, Growth, Development and Reproduction. In: Davies, P.J. (eds) Plant Hormones. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2686-7_30

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation