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Plant Mitochondria: From Genome to Function pp 107–120Cite as

Plant Mitochondrial Genome Evolution and Gene Transfer to the Nucleus

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Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 17))

Summary

The evolution of plant mitochondrial genomes, unlike their mammalian counterparts, has been characterized by a large variation in genome size, extensive structural rearrangements, a low rate of nucleotide substitutions, and insertion of foreign DNA. Gene content is highly variable, particulary in flowering plants where there has been rampant gene loss and gene transfer to the nucleus during angiosperm evolution. Ribosomal protein genes have been lost much more often than most respiratory genes. Numerous cases of gene transfer have been documented, and intermediate stages of the transfer process have been elucidated. Insights have been gained into the origin of mitochondrial targeting signals acquired by newly transferred genes. Some transferred genes have targeting signals with special characteristics. The requirements for protein targeting and sorting following gene transfer have been characterized in many instances. Not all missing mitochondrial genes have been transferred to the nucleus. Genes for a few proteins and several tRNAs are derived from their chloroplast or cytosolic counterparts.

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Abbreviations

Cox2:

cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2

mtDNA:

mitochondrial DNA

MTS:

mitochondrial targeting signal

TIM:

translocase of the inner membrane

TOM:

translocase of the outer membrane

UTR:

untranslated region

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UBC Botanical Gardens and Centre for Plant Research, University of British Columbia, 6804 SW Marine Drive, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z4, Canada

    Keith L. Adams

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Sweden

    Daniel O. Daley

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  1. Keith L. Adams
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia

    David A. Day , A. Harvey Millar  & James Whelan ,  & 

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Adams, K.L., Daley, D.O. (2004). Plant Mitochondrial Genome Evolution and Gene Transfer to the Nucleus. In: Day, D.A., Millar, A.H., Whelan, J. (eds) Plant Mitochondria: From Genome to Function. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2400-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2400-9_6

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