Abstract
It is appropriate that this survey of the Early Byzantine churches of Macedonia and the territory extending immediately to its north should start, chronologically and geographically, at Philippi, the first city in Europe to receive the Gospel of Christianity from St Paul. Here, in 1956 and 1957, on a site outside the old walls, a short distance from the Neapolis (Kavalla) gate, Pelekanides discovered and excavated a Christian basilica dating from the first half of the fourth century and probably from the reign of Constantine the Great.1 One of the oldest churches yet excavated, prior to its discovery the existence of the ‘Extra Muros’ Basilica had been unsuspected, no record or indication of it appearing in any documentary source.
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Notes
S. Pelekanides, H EΞΩ TΩN TEIXΩN ΠAΛAIOXPIΣTIANIKH ВАΣIΛIKН TΩN ФIΛШΠΩN (АРХАIOΛОГIKН ЕФНМЕРIΣ, 1955), (Athens, 1960).
P. Collart, Philippes, ville de Macédoine depuis ses origines jusqu’à la fin de l’époque romaine (Paris, 1937), p. 457 et seq.
E. Dyggve, History of Salonitan Christianity (Oslo, 1951), p. 27.
G. Bell, ‘The Churches and Monasteries of the Tur Abdin’, in M. van Berchem and J. Strzygowski, Amida (Heidelberg, 1910), pp. 246–7.
P. Lemerle, Philippes et la Macédoine orientale (Paris, 1945), pp. 332–44.
H. Torp, ‘Quelques Remarques sur les mosaïques de l’église Saint-Georges à Thessalonique’, Acts of the IXth International Byzantine Congress, Thessalonica, 1953 (Athens, 1955), vol. i, pp. 489–98.
O. Tafrali, Topographie de Thessalonique (Paris, 1913), p. 158 (trans.).
C. Texier and R. P. Pullan, Byzantine Architecture (London, 1864), p. 137.
W. R. Lethaby, Architecture, Nature and Magic (London, 1956), p. 112.
E. Baldwin Smith, Architectural Symbolism of Imperial Rome and the Middle Ages (Princeton, 1956), pp. 180–1.
C. Diehl, Manuel d’art byzantin (Paris, 1925), vol. i, p. 284.
D. Talbot Rice, The Beginnings of Christian Art (London, 1957), p. 87.
G. A. Sotiriou, АРХАIOΛОΓKН ЕФНМЕРIΣ, 1929 (Athens), p. 180.
G. Sotiriou and M. Sotiriou, H ВАΣIΛIKН TOϒ АГIOϒ ΔHMHTPIOϒ ΘEΣΣAΛONIKHΣ (Athens, 1952).
A. Grabar, Martyrium (Paris, 1946), vol. i, pp. 455–6.
C. Texier and R. P. Pullan, Byzantine Architecture (London, 1864), p. 128.
O. M. Dalton, East Christian Art (Oxford, 1925), p. 196.
Principal works of reference on the subject are : G. Diehl and M. le Tourneau, Monuments et mémoires, vol. xviii (Paris, 1910).
C. Diehl, M. le Tourneau and H. Saladin, Les Monuments chrétiens de Salonique (Paris, 1918).
C. Diehl, Manuel d’art byzantin (2nd ed.), (Paris, 1935).
M. van Berchem and E. Clouzot, Mosaïques chrétiennes (Geneva, 1924).
V. N. Lazarev, History of Byzantine Art (Moscow, 1947) (Russian). G. and M. Sotiriou, op. cit.
T. Uspensky, Some Mosaics of St Demetrius of Salonika, vol. xiv, Izvestija Russkogo Archeologicheskogo Instituta v Konstantinopolje (Leipzig, 1909) (Russian). O. Tafrali, ‘Sur la date de l’église et des mosaïques de Saint-Démétrius de Salonique’, Revue Archéologique (Paris, 1909).
A. Xyngopoulos, ВАΣIΛIKН TOϒ АГIOϒ ΔHMHTPIOϒ ΘEΣΣAΛONIKHΣ (Thessalonica, 1946).
A. Grabar, Martyrium, vol. ii (Paris, 1946), p. 87 et seq. E. Kitzinger, Byzantine Art in the Period between Justinian and Iconoclasm. Berichte zum XL Internationalen Byzantinisten-Kongress, München, 1958 (Munich, 1958).
O. Tafrali, Topographie de Thessalonique (Paris, 1913), p. 189.
Drawings of this painting are published in: A. Grabar, La Peinture religieuse en Bulgarie (Paris, 1928), p. 59, fig. 13;
and in A. Xyngopoulos, Thessalonique et la peinture macédonienne (Athens, 1955), p. 17, fig. 3.
O. Tafrali, Thessalonique au XIV e siècle (Paris, 1913), pp. 140–2;
O. Tafrali, Topographie de Thessalonique (Paris, 1913), pp. 132–3.
E. Lucius, Die Anfänge des Heiligenkults in der christlichen Kirche (Tübingen, 1904), pp. 223–4.
D. Talbot Rice, The Beginnings of Christian Art (London, 1957), p. 112.
S. Pelekanides, ΠAΛAIOXPIΣTIANIKA MNHMEIA ΘEΣΣAΛONIKHΣ (Thessalonica, 1949).
M. Grbić, ‘Excavations at Heraclea’, Umetnički Pregled, 11, 1938 (Belgrade), p. 351 (Serbian).
M. Grbić, ‘Excavations at Heraclea Lyncestis near Bitola’, Umetnički Pregled, 8, 1939 (Belgrade), pp. 231–5 (Serbian).
A. Grabar, Martyrium (Pans, 1946), vol. I, p. 457 et seq.
J. Toynbee and J. Ward Perkins, The Shrine of St Peter (London, 1957), p. 216.
P. Lemerle, Philippes et la Macédoine Orientale (Paris, 1945), Pl. xxxiv.
J. Maximović, ‘Contribution à l’étude des fresques de Stobi’, Cahiers Archéologiques, x, 1959, pp. 207–16. The photographs accompanying this article include the fragments of imitation marble revetment from the narthex. A reconstruction of this appears in Dumbarton Oaks Papers, No. 3, 1946, fig. 151.
J. Petrović, ‘The Baptisteries of Stobi’, Umetnički Pregled, 9 (Belgrade, Nov. 1940), pp. 263–7 (Serbian); ‘U Stobima Danas’ (‘Stobi Today’), Glasnik Hrvatskih Zemaljskih Muzeja u Sarajevu, 1942 (Croatian), pp. 463–525.
P. Lemerle, Philippes et la Macédoine Orientale (Pans, 1945).
P. Collart, Philippes, ville de Macédoine depuis ses origines jusqu’à la fin de l’époque romaine (Paris, 1937).
A. Xyngopoulos, ‘Concerning Acheiropoietos Thessalonica’, MAKEΔONIKA, vol. ii, 1941–52 (Thessalonica, 1953), p. 472 et seq. (Greek).
A. Xyngopoulos, TO KAΘOΛIKON THΣ MONOHΣ ΛАТОМОϒ EN ΘEΣΣAΛONIKHI, APX. ΔЕΛТ. 12 (1929), p. 142 et seq.
A. K. Orlandos, H ΞϒΛOТЕГOΣ ПАΛАIOХРIΣTIАNIKН ВАΣIΛIKН (Athens, 1952 and 1954).
E. Dyggve, History of Salonitan Christianity (Oslo, 1951), p. 29.
A. Xyngopoulos, ‘The Early Christian Basilica of Voskohoria’, MAKEΔONIKA, 1940, vol. i, pp. 8–23 (Greek).
I. Nikolajević-Stojković, Early Byzantine Decorative Architectural Sculpture in Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, pp. 47, 90 (Belgrade, 1957) (Serbian with French summary).
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© 1963 R. F. Hoddinott
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Hoddinott, R.F. (1963). The Monuments — I: Constantine to Justin I. In: Early Byzantine Churches in Macedonia and Southern Serbia. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-81619-4_9
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