Punch Load Requirements in Warm Extrusion of Steel

Summary

Warm extrusion of steel is a relatively new technique which in recent years has gained increasing importance. This technique aims at combining the advantages of cold extrusion (high accuracy and surface quality) with those of hot extrusion (low load requirements), while possibly avoiding the disadvantages of both techniques. When employing warm extrusion, a good knowledge of the load requirements and tool stress to be expected is of importance. The following paper attempts to demonstrate connections between the parameters that mainly influence the load requirements in warm extrusion. Then the results of an experimental investigation are introduced that aimed at the determination of the punch pressure in warm extrusion.