Abstract
The 30th anniversary of the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1997 was supposed to be a crowning moment for the regional grouping.1 There was indeed much to celebrate at the beginning of that year. First, the organization had achieved a degree of coherence and cooperation that included a united front toward the great powers in the region. Its members had adopted a peaceful and conciliatory approach in order to address, or even sidestep, certain intraregional problems including seemingly intractable territorial disputes between members.
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Notes
Erik Paul writes: “In 1995 Japan was the world’s largest investor in Southeast Asia. In ASEAN countries Japan’s cumulative direct investments from 1951 to 1993 totaled over US$38 billion. … In 1993, Japan’s trade with Southeast Asia represented 14.3 per cent of its total trade. Japan was the most important trading country for ASEAN. … Since the late 1970s, Japan has been Southeast Asia’s largest aid donor. ODA’s 1990 budget was US$6.9 million, of which more than 65 per cent was allocated for Asia and more than 25 per cent to Southeast Asia.” Erik Paul, “Japan in Southeast Asia: A geopolitical perspective,” Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy 1:3 (1996): 392–94.
For a historical account of Japan and Southeast Asia, see Shiraishi Takashi, “Japan and Southeast Asia,” in Network Power: Japan and Asia, eds. Peter J. Katzenstein and Shiraishi Takashi (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997).
Sudo Sueo, The Fukuda Doctrine and ASEAN: New Dimensions in Japanese Foreign Policy (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1992).
For more details on the end of the Cold War and permissive conditions for Japan to play a larger political role, see Lam Peng Er, “Japan’s Search for a Political Role in Southeast Asia,” Southeast Asian Affairs 1996 (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1996).
Lam Peng Er, “Japan and the Spratlys Dispute: Aspirations and Limitations,” Asian Survey 36:10 (October 1996).
For details of the Nakayama Initiative, see Kikuchi Tsutomu, APEC: Ajia Taiheiyo shinjitsujo no mosaku [Searching for a New Regional Order in the Asia-Pacific Region] (Tokyo: Nihon Kokusai Mondai Kenkyujo, 1995), pp. 264–69.
For a good analysis on various Japanese views of the ARF, see Tsuyoshi Kawasaki, “Between Realism and Idealism in Japanese Security Policy: The Case of the ASEAN Regional Forum,” Pacific Review 10:4 (1997).
Lam Peng Er, “The Hashimoto Doctrine: New Direction in Japan’s Foreign Policy?” Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, “Trends No. 78,” Business Times, Singapore, 22–23 February 1997.
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© 2000 Inoguchi Takashi and Purnendra Jain
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Er, L.P. (2000). Japanese Relations with Southeast Asia in an Era of Turbulence. In: Takashi, I., Jain, P. (eds) Japanese Foreign Policy Today. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62529-1_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62529-1_14
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