Skip to main content

Citizenship and Identity: the Case of Australia

  • Chapter
Book cover Practising Identities

Abstract

National identity plays an important role in identifying who we are as individuals. However, we are not born with a sense of national identity, it has to be inculcated. What it means to belong to a particular nation, to have a sense of that identity, is constructed by a diverse range of forces, including governments, the media and the community lived in. This chapter sets out to explore how the federal government of Australia sought to construct national identity around a particular idea of citizenship in an attempt to construct an identity that recognized and was inclusive of the ethnic and cultural diversity that existed within Australian society.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Barnett, D. (1986) ‘How the Bloated Ethnic Industry is Dividing Australia’, The Bulletin,18 February, pp. 58–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billig, M. (1995) Banal Nationalism (London: Sage).

    Google Scholar 

  • Birrell, R. (1988) ‘The FitzGerald Report on Immigration Policy: Origins and Implication’, Australian Quarterly,60(3), pp. 261–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blainey, G. (1984) All for Australia (Melbourne: Methuen Haynes).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolkus, N. (1995) Press release B111/95 (http://www.immi.gov.au).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolkus, N. (1996) Text of speech to the Culture and Citizenship Conference, Brisbane, 2 October.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bottomore, T. (1992) Commentary, in Marshall and Bottomore (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S. (1992a) ‘The Australian Model of Immigration and Multiculturalism: Is it Applicable to Europe’, International Migration Review,XXVI(2), pp. 549–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S. (1992b) ‘Australian Multiculturalism: Social Policy and Identity in a Changing Society’, in G. Freeman and J. Jupp (eds), Nations of Immigrants: Australia, the United States and International Migration (Sydney: Oxford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, C. M. H. (Manning) (1993) History of Australia (Sydney: Pimlico).

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, J. (1988) Migrant Hands in a Distant Land: Australia’s Post-War Immigration (Sydney: Pluto Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Connor, W. (1978) ‘A Nation is a Nation, is a State, is an Ethnic Group, is a …’, Ethnic and Racial Studies,1(4), pp. 377–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs (1997) Parliamentary Statement on Racial Tolerance (http://www.immi.gov.au/package/poster.htm).

    Google Scholar 

  • FitzGerald Report (1988) see Report of the Committee to Advise on Australia’s Immigration Policies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Four Corners (1997) ‘The New Believers’ (weekly current affairs digest), Australian Broadcasting Commission,16 June 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, M. (1997) ‘Why Racial Hatred Hurts Us All’. Lecture given on 21 October and produced in full in The Age (http://www.theage.com.au/daily/971022/news/news27.html).

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman, G. and Betts, K. (1992) ‘The Politics of Interests and Immigration and Policymaking in Australia and the United States’, in G. Freeman and J. Jupp (eds), Nations of Immigrants: Australia, the United States and International Migration (Sydney: Oxford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman, G. and Jupp, J. (1992) ‘Comparing Immigration Policy in Australia and the United States’, in G. Freeman and J. Jupp (eds), Nations of Immigrants: Australia, the United States and International Migration (Sydney: Oxford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Garnaut, R. (1989) Australia and the Northeast Asian Ascendancy (Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobsbawm, E. (1990) Nations and Nationalism since 1780 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakubowicz, A. (1981) ‘State and Ethnicity: Multiculturalism as Ideology’, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology,17(3), pp. 4–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jayasuriya, L. (1990) ‘Rethinking Australian Multiculturalism as Ideology’, Australian Quarterly,Autumn, pp. 50–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jupp, J. (1995) ‘From “White Australia” to “Part of Asia”: Recent Shifts in Australian Immigration Policy Towards the Region’, International Migration Review,XXIX (1), pp. 207–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jupp, J. (1991) ‘Multicultural Public Policy’, in C. Price (ed.), Australian National Identity (Canberra: Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, M. (1996) ‘Ruling Class Strategies and Citizenship’, in M. Bulmer and A. Rees (eds), Citizenship Today: The Contemporary Relevance of T. H. Marshall (London: UCL Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, T. H. and Bottomore, T. (1992) Citizenship and Social Class (London: Pluto). [Marshall’s essay, ‘Citizenship and Social Class’, is followed by Bottomore’s commentary.]

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenna, M. (1996) The Captive Republic: A History of Republicanism in Australia, 1788–1996 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzies, R. (1967) Afternoon Light: Some Memories of Men and Events (London: Cassell & Co).

    Google Scholar 

  • Office of Multicultural Affairs (1989) The National Agenda for a Multicultural Australia (Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service).

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, C. (1987) ‘Australia: Multicultural and Non-Racist’, New Community,14 (1/2), pp. 241–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Report of the Committee to Advise on Australia’s Immigration Policies, (1988) Immigration: A Commitment to Australia (Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees, A. (1996) ‘T. H. Marshall and the Progress of Citizenship’, in M. Bulmer and A. Rees (eds), Citizenship Today: The Contemporary Relevance of T. H. Marshall (London: UCL Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, A. (1986) The Ethnic Origin of Nations (Oxford: Blackwell).

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, A. (1991) National Identity (London: Penguin).

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolicz, J. (1991) ‘Who is an Australian? Identity, Core Values and the Resilience of Culture’, in C. Price (ed.), Australian National Identity (Canberra: The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia), pp. 41–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitlam, E. G. et al. (1997) ‘The Hanson Statement’, produced in full in The Age (http://www.theage.com.au/daily/971107/news/news25.html).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1999 British Sociological Association

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Clarence, E. (1999). Citizenship and Identity: the Case of Australia. In: Roseneil, S., Seymour, J. (eds) Practising Identities. Explorations in Sociology. British Sociological Association Conference Volume Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27653-0_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics