Abstract
In a TV documentary on the conflict in the former Yugoslavia the New York Times correspondent, John F. Burns, pointed to ‘the atavistic power of religion and blood that’s being acted out here’ which, he said, ‘could so easily rise up and strike at us’.1 Though proffered in a Balkan context, the impact of his observation rests ultimately upon its broader salience. It is the ubiquity of religion and blood as common elements of ethnic identity which constitute their ultimate political significance for Burns and others. For Michael Ignatieff (1994), for example, the willingness of Yugoslav peoples to ‘lay waste’ to their own country is only a particular example of the more general human ‘tendency to over-value our own identities’. Atavism could so easily smite us because of its proximity to our own restless search for authenticity. What is worse, this conundrum seems built into the foundations upon which the international society of states has been constructed over the course of the ‘short twentieth century’, from the Great War through to the fall of the Berlin Wall. Why this should now appear so is the topic of this chapter.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
Angell, N. (1932) The Unseen Assassins (London: Hamish Hamilton).
Bailey, T. A. (1963) Woodrow Wilson and the Lost Peace (Chicago: Quadrangle).
Baker, R. S. (1923) Woodrow Wilson and World Settlement (London: Heinemann).
Baker, R. S. and Dodd, W. E. (eds) (1927) War and Peace: Presidential Messages, Addresses, and Public Papers (1917–1924) by Woodrow Wilson. The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson (New York: Harper & Brothers).
Barkan, E. (1992) The Retreat of Scientific Racism: Changing Concepts of Race in Britain and the United States Between the World Wars (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Barnes, H. E. (1926) History and Social Intelligence (New York: Alfred A. Knopf).
Bauman, Z. (1992) ‘Soil, blood and identity’, Sociological Review, 40: 675–701.
Camilleri, J. A. and Falk, J. (1992) The End of Sovereignty? The Politics of a Shrinking and Fragmenting World (Aldershot: Edward Elgar).
Carr, E. H. (1939) The Twenty Years Crisis, 1919–1939 (London: Macmillan).
Carr, E. H. (1942) Conditions of Peace (London: Macmillan).
Carr, E. H. (1945) Nationalism and After (London: Macmillan).
Carr, E. H. et al. (eds) (1939) Nationalism: A Report by a Study Group of Members of the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Chipman, J. (1993) ‘Managing the politics of parochialism’, in M. E. Brown (ed.), Ethnic Conflict and International Security (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press), pp. 237–63.
Cobban, A. (1941) The Crisis of Civilization (London: Jonathan Cape).
Cobban, A. (1969) The Nation State and National Self-Determination. The Fontana Library (London: Collins).
Connor, W. (1993) ‘Beyond reason: the nature of the ethnonational bond’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 16: 373–89.
Dennis, A. L. P. (1923) ‘Exploitation of undeveloped areas’, in G. H. Turner (ed.), Public Opinion and World Peace (Washington, DC: ILCA) pp. 28–38.
Eley, G. (1981) ‘Nationalism and social history’, Social History, 6: 83–107.
Esman, M. (1994) Ethnic Politics (London: Cornell University Press).
Etzioni, A. (1992) ‘The evils of self-determination’, Foreign Policy, Fall: 21–35.
Gottlieb, G. (1993) Nation Against State: A New Approach to Ethnic Conflicts and the Decline of Sovereignty (New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press).
Gottlieb, G. (1994) ‘Nations without States’, Foreign Affairs, 73: 100–12.
Guibernau, M. (1996) Nationalisms: The Nation-State and Nationalism in the Twentieth Century (London: Polity Press).
Hassner, P. (1993) ‘Beyond nationalism and internationalism: ethnicity and world order’, Survival, 35: 49–65.
Hayes, C. J. H. (1926) Essays on Nationalism (New York: Macmillan, 1928).
Hayes, C. J. H. (1931) The Historical Evolution of Modern Nationalism (New York: Macmillan, 1949).
Heiberg, M. (ed.) (1994) Subduing Sovereignty: Sovereignty and the Right to Intervene (London: Pinter).
Hetherington, P. (1978) British Paternalism and Africa, 1920–1940 (London: Frank Cass).
Hirst, P. and Thompson, G. (1996) Globalization in Question: The International Economy and the Possibilities of Governance (Cambridge: Polity Press).
Hobsbawm, E. (1994) The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century 1914–1991 (London: Michael Joseph).
Hobson, J. A. (1915) ‘Political bases of a world state’, in F. S. Marvin (ed.), The Unity of Western Civilisation (London: Oxford University Press), pp. 260–79.
Hobson, J. A. (1918) ‘Self-determination’, The UDC, 3: 209–10.
Hobson, J. A. (1931) ‘Towards social equality’, in L.T. Hobhouse Memorial Trust Lecture (London: Oxford University Press).
Hobson, J. A. (1933) ‘Rationalism and humanism’, in Conway Memorial Lecture (London: Watts).
Hobson, J. A. (1939) ‘Nationalism, economic and political’, The Monthly Record (South Place Ethical Society), June: 3–4.
Ignatieff, M. (1993) Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism. BBC Books (London: Chatto & Windus).
Ignatieff, M. (1994) ‘Nationalism and the narcissism of minor difference’, (Milton Keynes: The Open University).
Joseph, B. (1929) Nationality: its Nature and Problems. Studies in Economics and Political Science (London: George Allen & Unwin).
Kohn, H. (1939) ‘The Nature of Nationalism’, American Political Science Review, 33: 1001–21.
Koizumi, T. (1994) ‘Nationalism as ideology, nationalism as emotion, and the pitfalls of national development’, Cybernetics and Systems, 25: 747–61.
Kuklick, H. (1991) The Savage Within: The Social History of British Anthropology, 1885–1945 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Kupchan, C. A. (1995) ‘Introduction: nationalism resurgent’, in C. A. Kupchan (ed.), Nationalism and Nationalities in the New Europe (London: Cornell University Press), pp. 1–14.
Lansing, R. (1921a) ‘Notes on World Sovereignty,’ in R. Lansing (ed.), Notes on Sovereignty: From the Standpoint of the State and of the World, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Division of International Law (New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace), pp. 55–94.
Lansing, R. (1921b) The Peace Negotiations: A Personal Narrative (New York: Houghton Mifflin).
Laski, H. J. (1932) Nationalism and the Future of Civilization. Conway Memorial Lecture 1932 (London: Watts & Co.).
Link, A. S. (ed.) (1966) The Papers of Woodrow Wilson (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
Lippmann, W. (1919) The Political Scene: An Essay on the Victory of 1918 (London: George Allen & Unwin).
Lovett, V. (1921) A History of the Indian Nationalist Movement (London: John Murray).
Lugard, F. D. (1923) The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa, 2nd edn (London: William Blackwood & Sons).
Mayer, A. J. (1968) Politics and Diplomacy of Peacemaking: Containment and Counterrevolution at Versailles, 1918–1919 (New York: Weidenfeld & Nicholson).
Mill, J. S. (1977) Collected Works of John Stuart Mill (Toronto: University of Toronto Press).
Morel, E. D. (1920) The Black Man’s Burden: The White Man in Africa from the Fifteenth Century to World War I (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1969).
Moynihan, D. P. (1994) Pandaemonium: Ethnicity in International Politics (London: Oxford University Press).
Nagi, S. Z. (1992) ‘Ethnic identification and nationalist movements’, Human Organization, 51: 307–17.
Naisbitt, J. (1997) ‘From nation states to networks’, in R. Gibson (ed.), Rethinking the Future: Business, Principles, Competition, Control, Leadership, Markets and the World (London: Nicholas Brealey), pp. 212–27.
Pfaff, W. (1993) The Wrath of Nations: Civilization and the Furies of Nationalism (New York: Simon & Schuster).
Piven, F. F. (1995) ‘Globalizing capitalism and the rise of identity politics’, in L. Panitch (ed.), The Socialist Register (London: Merlin), pp. 102–16.
Ray, S. (ed.) (1987) Selected Works of Manabendra Nath Roy Vol. 1, 1917–1922 (Delhi: Oxford University Press).
Shils, E. (1995) ‘Nation, nationality, nationalism and civil society’, Nations and Nationalism, 1: 93–118.
Stavenhagen, R. (1991) ‘Ethnic conflicts and their impact on international society’, International Social Science Journal, 43: 117–31.
Temperley, H. W. V. (ed.) (1921) A History of the Peace Conference of Paris (London: Institute of International Affairs/Hodder & Stoughton).
Tillman, S. P. (1961) Anglo-American Relations at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 (Princeton: NJ: Princeton University Press).
Walker, R. B. J. (1990) ‘Sovereignty, identity, community: reflections on the horizons of contemporary political practice’, in R. B. J. Walker and S. H. Mendlovitz (eds), Contending Sovereignties: Redefining Political Community (London: Lynne Rienner), pp. 159–85.
Wallas, G. (1921) Our Social Heritage (London: George Allen & Unwin).
Wells, H. G. (1921) The Salvaging of Civilisation (London: Cassell).
Williams, R. C. M. (1920) Nationalism: Its Relation to Missions (London: Church Missionary Society).
Zimmern, A. E. (1927) The Third British Empire, Being a course of lectures delivered at Columbia University, New York (London: Humphrey Milford).
Zimmern, A. E. (1931) The Study of International Relations: An Inaugural Lecture (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
Zimmern, A. E. (1936) ‘The new phase in international affairs’, Contemporary Review, 150: 513–20.
Zimmern, A. E. (1939) ‘The prospects of civilization’, Oxford Pamphlets on World Affairs (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1999 British Sociological Association
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bowler, S. (1999). ‘Ethnic Nationalism’: Authenticity, Atavism and International Instability. In: Brehony, K.J., Rassool, N. (eds) Nationalisms Old and New. Explorations in Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27627-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27627-1_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-71772-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-27627-1
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social & Cultural Studies CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)