Abstract
From 1975 to 1979, in probably the most radical revolution ever, Cambodia was cut off from the outside world. Foreign and minority languages were banned, and all neighbouring countries attacked. Cambodia’s cities were emptied, its labour force press-ganged, its Buddhist religion and folk culture suppressed. Out of a population of 8 million, 1,700,000 people died or were killed. The Khmer Rouge regime that presided over this slaughter was led by Pol Pot, Secretary General of the clandestine Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) since 1962.1
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Notes
Ben Kiernan, The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power and Genocide in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge, 1975–1979 ( New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996 ).
The information that follows is drawn from Ben Kiernan, How Pol Pot Came to Power (London: Verso, 1985).
See also David P. Chandler, Brother Number One ( Boulder: Westview Press, 1992 ).
Ben Kiernan, ‘Kampuchea and Stalinism’, in Colin Mackerras and Nick Knight, eds., Marxism in Asia (London: Croom Helm, 1985), pp. 232–50, quotation on p. 246.
See Ben Kiernan, ‘Pol Pot and the Kampuchean Communist Movement’, in Kiernan and Chanthou Boua, eds., Peasants and Politics in Kampuchea 1942–1981 (London: Zed Books, 1982), pp. 227–317, full quotation on p. 242.
See Ben Kiernan, ‘Wild Chickens, Farm Chickens and Cormorants: Kampuchea’s Eastern Zone under Pol Pot’, in David P. Chandler and Ben Kiernan, eds., Revolution and its Aftermath in Kampuchea: Eight Essays ( New Haven: Yale University Southeast Asia Council, 1983 ), pp. 136–221.
G. Evans and K. Rowly, Red Brotherhood at War: Indochina since the Fall of Saigon ( London: Verso, 1984 ).
Ben Kiernan, ‘New Light on the Origins of the Vietnam-Kampuchea Conflict’, Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars [BCAS] 12, no. 4 (1980): 61–5.
Chanthou Boua, David P. Chandler, and Ben Kiernan, eds., Pol Pot Plans the Future: Confidential Leadership Documents from Democratic Kampuchea, 1976–77 ( New Haven: Yale University Southeast Asia Council, 1988 ), pp. 45–6.
Ben Kiernan, ‘Orphans of Genocide: The Cham Muslims of Kampuchea under Pol Pot’, BCAS 20, no. 4 (1988): 2–33; ‘Kampuchea’s Ethnic Chinese Under Pol Pot: A Case of Systematic Social Discrimination’, Journal of Contemporary Asia 16, no. 1 (1986): 18–29. See also Kiernan, ‘The Survival of Cambodia’s Minorities’, Cultural Survival (May 1990), and Kiernan (1996), Ch. 7.
Ben Kiernan, Cambodia: The Eastern Zone Massacres ( New York: Columbia University Center for the Study of Human Rights, 1986 ).
David P. Chandler, ‘The Assassination of President Bardez: a Premonition of Revolt in Colonial Cambodia’, Journal of the Siam Society 70 (1982): 35–49.
See Chandler, ‘Seeing Red: Perceptions of Cambodian History in Democratic Kampuchea’, in Revolution and its Aftermath in Kampuchea (1983), pp. 34–56.
Bernard Lewis, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, second edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968 ), pp. 205–9.
Helene Carrière D’Encausse, Islam and the Russian Empire: Reform and Revolution in Central Asia ( London: Tauris, 1988 ), p. 234.
Richard Pipes, The Formation of the Soviet Union: Communism and Nationalism, 1917–1923 revised edition (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970), pp. 7, 12.
Ronald Grigor Suny, ‘Ideology or Social Ecology? Rethinking the Armenian Genocide’, paper presented at the Conference on State-Organized Terror (Michigan State University, November 1988), pp. 29, 38.
Gregor Alexinsky, ‘Bolshevism and the Turks’, Quarterly Review 239 (1923), p. 190.
Mustafa Chokaev, ‘The Basmaji Movement in Turkestan’, The Asiatic Review 24, no. 78 (London, 1928): 273–88; see p. 287.
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© 1999 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Kiernan, B. (1999). Pol Pot and Enver Pasha: a Comparison of the Cambodian and Armenian Genocides. In: Chorbajian, L., Shirinian, G. (eds) Studies in Comparative Genocide. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27348-5_10
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