Abstract
The end of the Cold War has transformed Europe’s political environment. The complex interaction of domestic, international and transnational change in post-Cold War Europe has been conducive both to the re-emergence of older mental maps of Europe and to new ideas of how to realize and organize the continent’s political communities. This has allowed new transnational subregional processes to take root. Fuelled by the drive for increased autonomy within the European Union, various tendencies coalesced in the call for a ‘Europe of the regions’.
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The Council of Baltic Sea States
As disclosed by Mrs. Thatcher in her memoirs, Germany was sometimes said to be a de-stabilizing force manifested in a Drang nach Osten, to be contained by close relations between the UK and France and a sustained American commitment to Europe. M. Thtacher, The Downing Street Years, (London: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993).
The subject has been much discussed in the theoretical literature, see K. Goldmann and G. Sjostedt, Power, Capabilities, Interdependence, (London: SAGE International, 1979).
R. Falkenrath, Shaping Europe’s Military Order, (Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1997) Chapter 6.
The distinction is elaborated in K. Mottola, ‘Security around the Baltic Rim: Concepts, Actors and Processes’, in Hedegaard and Lindstrom, Eds., North European and Baltic Sea Integration Yearbook, (Heidelberg: Springer International, 1997).
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The mechanisms of the ‘Nordic balance’ are much discussed in academic writing. See J. J. Holst, Five Roads to Nordic Security, (Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1974).
Iver Neumann argues that ‘the Baltic experience of the second half of the 1980s is a blatant example of the key role of intellectuals in region-building’. I. B. Neumann, ‘A Nordic and/or a Baltic Sea Region? The Discursive Structure of Region-building’, in C. Wellmann, The Baltic Sea Region: Conflict or Co-operation?, (Hamburg: Lit Verlag, 1992).
L. Kristoffersson and C. E. Stalvant, Creating a Baltic Sea Agenda 21, (Stockholm: Stockholm Environment Institute, 1996).
For an overview see C. E. Stalvant, Actors Around the Baltic Sea, (Stockholm: Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1996).
E. Hansen, Ed., Cooperation in the Baltic Sea Region, the Barents Region and the Black Sea Region: A Documentation Report, Commissioned by the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Fafo-paper 1997: 4, (Oslo: Fafo Institute of Applied Social Science, 1997) p. 13.
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© 1999 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Stalvant, CE. (1999). The Council of Baltic Sea States. In: Cottey, A. (eds) Subregional Cooperation in the New Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27194-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27194-8_4
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