Abstract
When James VI ascended the English throne in 1603, he brought with him a large number of his fellow-countrymen who in his own reign and that of his son succeeded (to the resentment of the natives) in engrossing a significant proportion of court offices (as high as two-fifths at one point). If the ambitions of the ‘Scoto-Britanes’ of the King’s circle for a Scottish influence in Britain equal to England’s were naturally frustrated, Scotland nonetheless held a more significant place in the concerns of James and his successors than it was to do after 1688, for even if Charles I never shared his father’s passion for the idea of Britain, he was still ‘too much inclined to the Scots nation’.1 The northern kingdom retained its own parliament, and to a certain extent its own royal household: the progress of James in 1617 and the coronation of his son in 1633 were splendid affairs. It was in Scotland that Charles II sought refuge in 1650 and a coronation in 1651, and a Scots army that he led to defeat at Worcester that year; it was in Scotland that he redeveloped and extended the Palace of Holyroodhouse, in which his brother took up residence as Duke of Albany during the Exclusion Crisis, attended by many of the Scots nobility: ‘I do not hear of one who stays [in London]’, wrote a contemporary.2 For the Stuarts, ‘it was deliberate royal policy to keep the settlement of the three kingdoms apart from each other’,3 and the post-1660 policy of bolstering Edinburgh’s status as a royal capital was no doubt intended to underline the particularity of Stuart claims to authority in their ‘ancient kingdom’, a favourite phrase which the dynasty continued to use through many years of exile.4
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Notes
Keith Brown, Kingdom or Province? Scotland and the Regal Union, 1603–1715 (Basingstoke, 1992), p. 80;
Keith Brown, ‘The vanishing emperor: British kingship and its decline, 1603–1707’, in Roger A. Mason (ed.), Scots and Britons (Cambridge, 1994), pp. 58–87 (87).
Michael Lynch, Scotland: A New History (London, 1991), p. 288.
Sir Charles Petrie, The Jacobite Movement: the First Phase, revised edn (London, 1948), p. 226.
Allan Macinnes, Clanship, Commerce and the House of Stuart 1603–1788 (East Linton, 1996), pp. 79, 139, 140.
A. H. Dodd, Studies in Stuart Wales, 2nd edn (Cardiff, 1971 (1952)), pp. 1, 19, 33–4.
Cf. ibid., and Murray G. H. Pittock, Inventing and Resisting Britain (London: Macmillan, 1997), p. 15.
J. G. Simms, Jacobite Ireland(London, 1969), pp. 1, 3, 8;
S. J. Connolly, Religion, Law and Power: The Making of Protestant Ireland 1660–1760 (Oxford, 1992), pp. 14–15, 19, 21, 23, 32.
J. Kenyon and J. Miller in Eveline Cruickshanks (ed.), By Force or by Default? (Edinburgh, 1989), pp. 1–27; cf. Petrie, Jacobite Movement, p. 73.
W. H. Murray, Rob Roy (Edinburgh,1993)(1982), p. 84; John MillerJamesll, 2nd edn (London, 1989), pp. 190ff.
Philip Aubrey, The Defeat of James Stuart’s Armada 1692 (Leicester, 1979), p. 22;
Magnus Linklater and Christian Hesketh, For King and Conscience: James Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount Dundee (London, 1989), p. 144; Cruickshanks, By Force,pp.28–43.
Murray G. H. Pittock, Poetry andJacobite Politics in Eighteenth-Century Britain and Ireland (Cambridge, 1994), Ch. 1.
Eveline Cruickshanks, ‘Attempts to Restore the Stuarts, 1689–96’, in Eveline Cruickshanks and Edward Corp (eds.), The Stuart Court in Exile and theJacobites (London and Rio Grande, 1995), pp. 1–13 (1–2);
cf. Letters of George Lockhart of Carnwath, ed. Daniel Szechi ( Edinburgh: Scottish History Society, 1989 ).
Tim Harris, ‘London Crowds and the Revolution of 1688’, in Cruickshanks, By Force, pp. 44–64 (58).
Daniel Szechi, ‘Mythhistory versus History: The Fading of the Revolution of 1688’, Historical Journal, 33:1 (1990), 143–54 (150).
Cf. Chris Fitter, ‘Henry Vaughan’s Landscapes of Military Occupation’, in Essays in Criticism (1992), pp. 123–47 and James Turner, The Politics of Landscape (Oxford, 1979 ).
Charles Dalton, The Scots Army 1661–1688 With Memoirs of the Commanders in Chief 2 parts (London and Edinburgh, 1909), p. xxvii.
Bruce Lenman, ‘The Scottish Nobility and the Revolution of 1688–1690’, in Robert Beddard (ed.), The Revolutions of 1688: The Andrew Browning Lectures 1988 (Oxford, 1991), pp. 137–61 (143, 153, 156).
Francis Godwin James, Ireland in the Empire 1688–1770 ( Cambridge, MA, 1983 ), p. 15.
Raymond Gillespie, ‘The Irish Protestants and James II’, Irish Historical Studies, XXVIII:10 (1992), 124–33 (131).
Letters of John Grahame of Claverhouse Viscount of Dundee with Illustrative Documents, ed. George Smythe (Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club, 1843), pp. 35–7.
Bruce Lenman, The Jacobite Cause (Glasgow, 1986), p. 24; Letters… Dundee, pp. 67, 70, 78.
Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron of Locheill ed. Bindon Blood and James MacKnight (Edinburgh: Abbotsford Club, 1842), pp. 294ff.
Eveline Cruickshanks, ‘Introduction’, in Cruickshanks (ed.),Ideology and Conspiracy: Aspects offacobitism, 1689–1759 (Edinburgh, 1982), pp. 1–14 (5–6).
Daniel Szechi, ‘The Jacobite Revolution Settlement’, English Historical Review (1993), 610–28 (624).
Paul Hopkins, ‘Sham Plots and Real Plots in the 1690s’, in Cruickshanks, Ideology, pp. 89–110 (89).
H. T. Dickinson, ‘The Jacobite Challenge’, in Michael Lynch (ed.), Jacobitism and the 45 (London, 1995), pp. 7–22 (11–13).
Murray G. H. Pittock, The Myth of the Jacobite Clans (Edinburgh, 1995 ), p. 47;
also see Jean McCann, ‘The Organisation of the Jacobite Army, 1745–46’, unpublished Ph.D. thesis (University of Edinburgh, 1963), pp. 137, 146, 147.
Edward Gregg, Queen Anne (London, 1980), pp. 26–7,53,130,131.
George Mackenzie, Viscount Tarbat et al., The Laws and Acts made by the First Parliament of Our Most High and Dread Sovereign James VII(Edinburgh, 1731), p. 723.
Patricia Dickson, Red John of the Battles (London, 1973), pp. 34, 39–40.
P. W. J. Riley, The Union of England and Scotland (Manchester, 1978), pp. 204–5; Szechi, Jacobites, p. 71.
John Gibson, Playing the Scottish Card: The Franco Jacobite Invasion of 1708 (Edinburgh, 1988) pp. 75–8,81–90; Szechi, Jacobites, p. xv.
Frank T. Galter, ‘On the literary value of some Scottish Presbyterian writings in the context of the Scottish Enlightenment’, in Dietrich Strauss and Horst W. Drescher (eds.), Scottish Language and Literature, Medieval and Renaissance (Frankfurt, 1986), pp. 175–92 (181–2).
Cf. Frank McLynn, ‘An Eighteenth-Century Scots Republic ?—An Unlikely Project from Absolutist France’, Scottish Historical Review, 59 (1980), 177–81.
Geoffrey Holmes, ‘The Sacheverell Riots’, Past and Present, 72 (1976), 55–85 (69).
Geoffrey Holmes, The Trial of Doctor Sacheverell (London, 1973), pp. 74, 230.
Nicholas Phillipson, ‘Politics and Politeness in the reigns of Anne and the early Hanoverians’, in J. G. A. Pocock, Gordon Schochet and Lois Schwoerer (eds.), The Varieties ofBritish Political Thought 1500–1800(Cambridge, 1993) pp. 211–45 (213).
Daniel Szechi, Jacobitism and Tory Politics, 1710–14 (Edinburgh, 1984), p. 86; Macinnes, Clanship, p. 176.
Alistair and Henrietta Tayler, 1715: the Story of the Rising (Edinburgh and London, 1936), pp. 311, 313.
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© 1998 Murray G. H. Pittock
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Pittock, M.G.H. (1998). A Foreign King and a Patriot Queen. In: Jacobitism. British History in Perspective. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26908-2_2
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