Abstract
The end of the Cold War had a profound effect on both the domestic political arrangements and international fortunes of Kenya. Its authoritarian Government had long seemed firmly entrenched and relatively free of serious internal challenge, and elevated above external censure. After 1990, it quickly became vulnerable on both fronts. The disappearance of the East–West divide undermined Kenya’s status as a Western ally, a role that had previously helped to shield it against critical Western attention over its undemocratic ways. The spectre of their own rulers standing accused in the dock of Western opinion, together with the liberation of scores of repressed peoples elsewhere, galvanized internal opponents of the Kenyan government.
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Notes
‘KANU, the ruling party’, The Courier, No. 130, November-December 1991, p. 14, and Joel D. Barkan, ‘Kenya: Lessons from a flawed election’, Journal of Democracy, Vol. 4(3), July 1993, p. 87. Also see Guy Arnold, Kenyatta and the Politics of Kenya, J.M. Dent & Sons, London, 1974, and Arthur Hazelwood, The Economy of Kenya: The Kenyatta Period, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1979.
James Kariuki, ‘“Paramoia”: Anatomy of a dictatorship in Kenya’, Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 14(1), 1996, p. 70. Also see The Guardian, 13 September 1990. 5. Joel D. Barkan, pp. 87–90.
Samuel M. Makinda, ‘Kenya: Out of the straitjacket, slowly’, The World Today, Vol. 48(10), October 1992, p. 188, and John Lonsdale, ‘The political culture of Kenya’, in Politics in Kenya, Occasional Papers 37, Centre of African Studies, Edinburgh University, 1992, p. 1.
Holly Burkhalter and Rakiya Omaar, p. 28; Harold D. Nelson (ed.), Kenya: A Country Study, Foreign Area Studies, American University, Washington DC, 1984; ‘US maintains pressures’, AED, 13 August 1990, p. 11, and ‘Hempstone makes waves’, The Weekly Review, 17 August 1990, pp. 17–18.
Joel D. Barkan, p. 90, and Holly Burkhalter, ‘Dances with State’, Africa Report, Vol. 36(3), May-June 1991, p. 54.
Quoted by Colin Legum, ‘Kenya: Britain backs the Moi regime’, Colin Legum’s Third World Reports, 18 September 1991, p. 1. Also see ‘Hurd sits on the fence’, Africa Analysis, 20 September 1991, p. 3.
Peter Biles, ‘Yearning for democracy’, Africa Report, Vol. 36(6), November-December 1991, p. 33, and The Star, 11 September 1991.
Frank Holmquist and Michael Ford, ‘Stalling political change: Moi’s way in Kenya’, Current History, Vol. 94(591), April 1995, p. 177.
Quoted by Gisela Geisler, ‘The 1992 Kenyan election observation’, Security Dialogue, Vol. 25(1), March 1994, p. 115.
Richard Walker, ‘Kenya: Recent history’, Africa South of the Sahara 1995, Europa Publications, London, 1995, p. 490, and Frank Holmquist and Michael Ford, p. 178.
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© 1998 Deon Geldenhuys
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Geldenhuys, D. (1998). Kenya. In: Foreign Political Engagement. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26758-3_6
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