Skip to main content

The Toronto Blessing: Charismatic Evangelical Global Warming

  • Chapter
Charismatic Christianity

Abstract

It has been described as ‘like getting drunk without the hangover’, as ‘ecstasy without the need of drugs’. The ‘Toronto Blessing’ is a form of religious experience characterized by many unusual physical phenomena — such as bodily weakness and falling to the ground; shaking, trembling and convulsive bodily movements; uncontrollable laughter or wailing and inconsolable weeping; apparent drunkenness; animal sounds; and intense physical activity (Richter, 1995, pp.6–8, 16) — as well as being accompanied by such things as a heightened sense of the presence of God; ‘prophetic’ insights into the future; ‘prophetic’ announcements from God; visions; and ‘out of the body’ mystical experiences. Although centred outside the mainstream churches, especially within the ‘House Church’ or ‘New Church’ movement, Vineyard churches and the older Pentecostal churches, the Toronto Blessing has also, to a lesser extent, affected churches within mainstream denominations, especially, but not exclusively, those with previous Charismatic leanings. This chapter will concentrate on Charismatic evangelical churches. As the name implies, the Blessing has been popularly linked with the Airport Vineyard Church in Toronto at which it ‘broke out’ in January 1994. In fact similar phenomena were already sporadically seen during Charismatic Renewal in the 1970s and within John Wimber’s international ‘power ministry’ in the 1980s (Richter, 1995, p.11; Hunt, 1995, p.260).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

  • M. Albrow, ‘Globalization’, in W. Outhwaite and T. Bottomore (eds), The Blackwell Dictionary of Twentieth Century Social Thought (Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1993) pp.248–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Albrow, ‘Globalization’, in R. J. Brym (ed.), New Society: Sociology for the 21st Century (Toronto: Harcourt Brace, 1995) chapter 15, pp. 1–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Albrow, The Global Age (Cambridge: Polity, 1996) (forthcoming).

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Beyer, Religion and Globalization (London: Sage, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • N. Bloch-Hoell, The Pentecostal Movement (London: Allen & Unwin, 1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Bowman, ‘Christian ideology and the image of a holy land: the place of Jerusalem pilgrimage in the various Christianities’, in J. Eade and M. J. Sallnow (eds), 1991, pp.98–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Chevreau, Catch the Fire: The Toronto Blessing, an experience of renewal and revival (London: Marshall Pickering, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Eade, ‘The Global Context for Ministry’, in P. Richter (ed.), Social Analysis for Prophets (Aston: Aston Training Scheme, 1994), chapter 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Eade and M. J. Sallnow (eds), Contesting the Sacred: The Anthropology of Christian Pilgrimage (London: Routledge, 1991).

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Fearon, A Breath of Fresh Air (Guildford: Eagle, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Finke and L. R. Iannaccone, ‘Supply-Side Explanations for Religious Change’, in W. C. Roof (ed.), 1993, pp.27–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Finke and R. Stark, The Churching of America, 1776–1990: Winners and Losers in Our Religious Economy (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992).

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Giddens, Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age (Cambridge: Polity, 1991).

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Giddens, ‘Government’s last gasp?’, The Observer, 9 July 1995, p.25.

    Google Scholar 

  • J. K. Hadden, ‘The Rise and Fall of American Televangelism’, in W. C. Roof (ed.), 1993, pp.113–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Hunt, ‘The “Toronto Blessing”: A Rumour of Angels?’, Journal of Contemporary Religion, 10, 3 (1995) 257–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. R. Iannaccone, ‘Religious Markets and the Economics of Religion’, Social Compass, 39, 1 (1992) 123–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. Kent, ‘Have we been here before? — A Historian looks at the Toronto Blessing’, in S. E. Porter and P. J. Richter (eds), 1995, pp.85–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim WWW, 1995 — Kim Anthony Gentes @ http://205.147.212.2/BlessingsPage/Kim1.html

    Google Scholar 

  • F. MacNutt, Overcome by the Spirit (Guildford: Eagle, 1994 — originally published 1990, new prologue, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • D. McGavran, Understanding Church Growth (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Mitton, Restoring the Woven Cord: Strands of Celtic Christianity for the Church Today (London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Murphy, ‘Risen with Healing in His Wings: An Exploration of the Psychology of the Toronto Blessing’, in S. E. Porter and P. J. Richter (eds), 1995, pp.65–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • M. J. Neitz, Charisma and Community: A Study of Religious Commitment within the Charismatic Renewal (Oxford: Transaction Books, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • G. K. Neville, Kinship and Pilgrimage: Rituals of Reunion in American Protestant Culture (New York and Oxford: University Press, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • C. C. Park, Sacred Worlds: An Introduction to Geography and Religion (London: Routledge, 1994).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • M. Percy, ‘Sociological and Theological Perspectives on Christian Charismatic Healing Ministries, with Special Reference to “The Toronto Blessing”’, paper given at The Annual Meeting of Contemporary and New Age Religion Conference on 13 May 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • R. D. Perrin and A. L. Mauss, ‘Saints and Seekers: Sources of Recruitment to the Vineyard Christian Fellowship’, Review of Religious Research, 33 (1991) 97–111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. Poloma, ‘Charisma and Institutions: A Sociological Account of the “Toronto Blessing”’, paper presented at Society for the Scientific Study of Religion meeting, St Louis, October 1995; available on Toronto Airport Vineyard World Wide Web site @ http://www.grmi.org/TAV/poloma.html

  • Poloma WWW, 1995, letter to John Wimber @ http://www.grmi.org/TAV/margaret.html

  • S. E. Porter, ‘Shaking the Biblical Foundations?: The Biblical Basis for the Toronto Blessing’, in S. E. Porter and P. J. Richter (eds), 1995, pp.37–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • S. E. Porter and P. J. Richter (eds), The Toronto Blessing — or Is It? (London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • W. J. Porter, ‘The Worship of the Toronto Blessing?’, in S. E. Porter and P. J. Richter (eds), 1995, pp.103–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • I. Reader and T. Walter (eds), Pilgrimage in Popular Culture (London: Macmillan, 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  • P. J. Richter, ‘God is not a Gentleman!: The Sociology of the Toronto Blessing’, in S. E. Porter and P. J. Richter (eds), 1995, pp.4–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • P. J. Richter, ‘Charismatic Mysticism — a Sociological Analysis of the “Toronto Blessing”’, in S. E. Porter (ed.), The Nature of Religious Language (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • Riss WWW, 1995 — Richard Riss’ History @ http://www.grmi.org/Richard_Riss/history.html

  • T. Robbins, ‘Cults, Converts and Charisma: The Sociology of New Religious Movements’, Current Sociology, 36, 1 (1988) whole issue.

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Roberts, The ‘Toronto Blessing’ (Eastbourne: Kingsway, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Robertson, Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture (London: Sage, 1992).

    Google Scholar 

  • W. C. Roof (ed.), Religion in the Nineties (London: Sage, 1993 — The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 527, May 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  • W. C. Roof, ‘Toward the Year 2000: Reconstruction of Religious Space’, in W. C. Roof (ed.), 1993, pp. 155–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • D. E. Sherkat, ‘Embedding Religious Choices: Integrating Preferences and Social Constraints into Rational Choice Theories of Religious Behavior’, in L. A. Young, Rational Choice Theory and Religion: Summary and Assessment (London: Routledge, 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • T. A. Smail, A. Walker and N. Wright, Charismatic Renewal (London: SPCK, 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. F. Tuan, ‘In place, out of place’, Geoscience & Man, 24 (1984) 3–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • V. W. Turner and E. Turner, Image and Pilgrimage in Christian Culture: Anthropological Perspectives (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Walker, Restoring the Kingdom: The Radical Christianity of the House Church Movement (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1989).

    Google Scholar 

  • S, R. Warner, ‘Work in Progress toward a New Paradigm for the Sociological Study of Religion in the United States’, AJS, 98, 5 (1993) 1044–93.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1997 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Richter, P. (1997). The Toronto Blessing: Charismatic Evangelical Global Warming. In: Hunt, S., Hamilton, M., Walter, T. (eds) Charismatic Christianity. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26024-9_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics