Abstract
‘Settlement by tiptoe’ was the striking phrase used in a 1981 Bradford Council report to characterise the history of migration into the inner city over the previous twenty years. It described a parallel society whose members looked outward to mainstream British society for jobs, schools and services, but who still looked inward in their desire to preserve their traditional culture, religion and language. While the city had been free of the racial and inter-communal unrest which had marked other cities in that year, the authors of the report worried that,
we have no direct knowledge of Asian needs and requirement, and we have no automatic way of knowing the issues they feel important … (we need) some new channel of communication between the Council and the communities — something to compensate for the lack of political representation. (City of Bradford Metropolitan Council (CBMC), 1981, p. 49)
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams, C. (1987) Across the Seven Seas and Thirteen Rivers (London: THAP Books).
Ahmed, A. S. (1988) Discovering Islam (Lahore: Vanguard Books).
Ahsan, M. M. and Kidwai, A. R. (eds) (1991) Sacrilege versus Civility (Leicester: The Islamic Foundation).
Akhtar, S. (1989) Be Careful with Muhammad! (London: Bellew).
Appignanesi, L. and Maitland, S. (eds) (1989) The Rushdie File (London: Fourth Estate).
Ballard, R. and Ballard, R. (1977) ‘The Sikhs: The Development of South Asian Settlement in Britain’, in J. L. Watson (ed.), Between Two Cultures (Oxford: Basil Blackwell).
Barton, S. W. (1986) The Bengali Muslims of Bradford, Monograph Series, Community Religions Project (Leeds: Department of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Leeds).
City of Bradford Metropolitan Council (CBMC) (1981) Turning Points: A Review of Race Relations in Bradford.
CBMC (1982) Local Administrative Memorandum: Education for a Multi-cultural Society: Provison for Pupils of Ethnic Minority Communities.
Dahya, B. (1974) ‘The Nature of Pakistani Ethnicity in Industrial Cities in Britain’, in A. Cohen (ed.), Urban Ethnicity (London: Tavistock).
Halstead, M. (1988) Education, Justice and Cultural Diversity: An Examination of the Honeyford Affair, 1984–85 (Sussex: Falmer Press).
Hiro, D. (1992) Black British, White British: A History of Race Relations in Britain (London: Paladin).
Joly, D. (1987) Making a Place for Islam in British Society: Muslims in Birmingham, Research Papers in Ethnic Relations 4 (Coventry: Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, University of Warwick).
Khan, V. S. (1977) ‘The Pakistanis: Mirpuri Villagers at Home and in Bradford’, in J. L. Watson (ed.), Between Two Cultures (Oxford: Basil Blackwell).
Kureishi, H. (1986) ‘Bradford’, in In Trouble Again, Granta 20 (Middlesex: Granta Publications).
Lapidus, I. I. (1988) A History of Islamic Societies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Lee, S. and Stanford, P. (eds) (1990) Believing Bishops (London: Faber & Faber).
Le Lohe, M. (1979) ‘The Effects of the Presence of Immigrants upon the Local Political System in Bradford, 1945–77’, in R. Miles and A. Phizacklea (eds), Racism and Political Action (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul).
Modood, T. (1990) ‘British Asians Muslims and the Rushdie Affair’, Political Quarterly, 61, pp. 143–60.
Murphy, D. (1987) Tales from Two Cities: Travels of Another Sort (London: John Murray).
Parekh, B. (1990) ‘The Rushdie Affair and the British Press’ in D. Cohn-Sherbok (ed.), The Salman Rushdie Controversy in Interreligious Perspective (Lampeter: The Edwin Mellen Press).
Richardson, C. (1976) A Geography of Bradford (Bradford: Bradford University Press).
Robinson, F. (1988) Varieties of South Asian Islam, Research Papers in Ethnic Relations 8 (Coventry: Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, University of Warwick).
Rose, E. (1969) Colour and Citizenship: A Report on British Race Relations (London: Oxford University Press).
Ruthven, M. (1990) A Satanic Affair: Salman Rushdie and the Rage of Islam (London: Chatto & Windus).
Scarman, Lord (1983) The Scarman Report: The Brixton Disorders, 10–12 April 1981 (London: Penguin Books).
Shorter Encyclopaedia of Islam (1953), ed. Gibb, H. A. R (Leiden: E. J. Brill).
UK Action Committee on Islamic Affairs (UKACIA) (1989) The British Muslim Response to Mr Patten.
Werbner, P. (1990) The Migration Process: Capital, Gifts and Offerings among British Pakistanis (Oxford: Berg).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1997 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lewis, P. (1997). The Bradford Council for Mosques and the Search for Muslim Unity. In: Vertovec, S., Peach, C. (eds) Islam in Europe. Migration, Minorities and Citizenship Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25697-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25697-6_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-68703-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-25697-6
eBook Packages: Palgrave Political & Intern. Studies CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)