Abstract
In the eighteenth century the financial vulnerability of the credit system affected almost everyone and at times of crisis such as a war (for example, the ’45 Rising, the American and Napoleonic wars) the better-off who suddenly found themselves with financial problems immediately put pressure on the poor. When a landlord needed money he could turn to his tenants and put up the rents. Tenants who were unable to pay could be removed and new tenants who were able and willing to pay taken in. This is reflected in the many surviving petitions in which help is asked for those who had been virtually thrown out on the street along with their families. Many of the processes of sequestration that survive in the City archives and elsewhere were requested by creditors, men and women, because of rent arrears. As will be discussed later, the possibility of finding themselves with nowhere to live was a constant threat to the poor, particularly to women.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes and References
W.H. Fraser, Conflict and Class, Scottish Workers, 1700–1838 (Edinburgh, 1988) pp. 41–2.
See pages 148–9.
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/6/66 (1798).
See pp. 160, 163.
Ibid., Sederunt Book of the Incorporation of Bakers of the Canongate, 13 February 1739.
Ibid. Burgh Court Processes, Box 93, Bundle 234 (1735).
Campbell of Barcaldine Muniments (SRO), GD 170/2021.
Leven and Melville Muniments (SRO), GD 26/6/123/31.
Hay of Duns Muniments (temporary deposit, SRO), TD 87/57/29 (1692).
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/4/508 (1760).
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 115, Bundle 291 (1747).
Ibid., Acts of Liberated Prisoners, 1739–42 (30 December 1739).
Ibid., Burgh Court Processes, Box 180, Bundle 480 (1788).
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/4/518 (1767).
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 73, Bundle 184 (1723–4).
Dean Orphanage Records (SRO), GD 417/185 (1787).
Ibid., Town Council Minutes, Vol. 34 (1690–4), p. 35 (1692).
Ibid., Moses Bundles, 172, 6728.
Records of the Merchant Company of Edinburgh, Minute Book, 1704–14 (1710).
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 114, Bundle 290 (1747).
Ibid., Petitions to the Magistrates, Moses Bundles 173, No. 50.
Ibid., No. 98.
Ibid., Dean of Guild Minute Book (August 1737).
Ibid., Burgh Court Processes, Box 180, Bundle 480.
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/4/532 (1776).
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 115, Bundle 293 (1748).
Records of the Goldsmiths of Edinburgh (SRO), GD 1/482/1 (10 May 1737).
Ibid., GD 1/482/4, 20 March 1744.
Ibid., GD 1/482/2, 24 March 1736.
Records of the Merchant Company of Edinburgh, Minute Book, 1783–1802, p. 226 (1792).
Ibid., Minute Book, 1715–24, 20 March 1721.
Minutes of the Surgeons’ Incorporation (1751).
Records of the Goldsmiths of Edinburgh (SRO), GD 1/482/2, 16 February 1731 (Forbes and Law); GD 1/482/4, 21 November 1758 (Blair and Yorston).
Records of the Merchant Company of Edinburgh, Minute Book, 1715–24, 23 May 1720.
Minutes of the Surgeons’ Incorporation (1741).
Records of the Goldsmiths of Edinburgh (SRO), GD 1/482/2, 26 May 1730.
Edinburgh City Archives, Sederunt Book of the Incorporation of Bakers of the Canongate, 18 April 1743.
James D. Marwick, Edinburgh Crafts and Guilds (Edinburgh, 1909), p. 100.
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 180, Bundle 478.
Ibid., Arrears of Poor’s Money and Seat Rents, 28 April 1743.
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/4/478 (1752).
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 136, Bundle 345 (1760).
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 34, Bundle 96 (1702).
Ibid., Box 48, Bundle 128 (1718).
Ibid., Box 115, Bundle 291 (1747).
Ibid.
Beverley Lemire, ‘Peddling Fashion …’, in Textile History, 22 (1), (1991) p. 67; ‘The Theft of Clothes and Popular Consumerism …’, in Journal of Social History, Vol. 24 (2), (1991) p. 257.
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 115, Bundle 291 (1747).
Ibid.
Ibid., Acts of Liberated Prisoners, 1739–42, 8 October 1739. The women named in this volume are mainly incarcerated for theft and prostitution.
Ibid., Burgh Court Processes, Box 115, Bundle 291 (1747).
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid., Box 73, Bundle 184 (1724).
Ibid., Box 140, Bundle 358 (1765).
Register House Series (SRO), RH 9/14/156/15.
Caledonian Mercury, 18 October 1753.
Register House Series (SRO), RH 9/14/156/15.
Edinburgh City Archives, Petitions to the Magistrates, 1685–1708, Moses Bundles, 173, No. 26.
Ibid., Box 115, Bundle 291 (1747).
Ibid.
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/6/50 (1787).
Ibid., CC8/8/112/2, 31 January and 4 April 1749.
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 175, Bundle 464 (1786).
Ibid., Box 180, Bundle 480 (1788).
Lorna Ewan, ‘Debtors, Imprisonment and the Privilege of Girth’, in L. Leneman, ed., Perspectives in Scottish Social History (Aberdeen, 1988) pp. 53–68.
Edinburgh City Archives, Canongate Tolbooth Records, 1 May 1809, 17 November 1786.
Ibid., Burgh Court Processes, Box 136, Bundle 345 (1760).
Ibid., Box 180, Bundle 478 (1788).
Ibid., Canongate Tolbooth Records, 21 August and 2 April 1799, 11, 15, 27 September 1800.
Ibid., 15 February 1786.
Ibid., Burgh Court Processes, Box 125, Bundle 318 (1753).
Ibid., Canongate Tolbooth Records, 19 November 1790.
Ibid., 3 May 1785.
Records of Dean Orphanage (SRO), GD 417/186 (1788).
(Adam) Ibid., GD 417/188 (1789); (Weir) Ibid. (Smith) Ibid.
Records of the Merchant Company of Edinburgh (SRO), GD 277, Box 18, Bundle 8.
Ibid. (Comb, Brunton, Brown and Johnston).
James Hamilton, Letter to Sir James Garrow, MD, 1817.
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/4/518 (1767).
Records of the Dean Orphanage (SRO), GD 417/188 (1789).
Ibid., GD 417/186 (1788).
Ibid., GD 417/188 (1789).
Ibid., GD 417/186 (1788).
Edinburgh Commissary Records, CC8/6/50 (1787). In the case of lawburrows a person had to give security or might be imprisoned on the grounds that he or she was a danger to another.
Records of the Dean Orphanage (SRO), GD 417/185 (1787).
Edinburgh City Archives, Burgh Court Processes, Box 380 (1829).
W.P. Alison, Observations on the Management of the Poor in Scotland (1840) p. 36.
Copyright information
© 1996 Elizabeth C. Sanderson
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sanderson, E.C. (1996). Women and Poverty. In: Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century Edinburgh. Studies in Gender History. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24644-1_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24644-1_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-24646-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-24644-1
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social & Cultural Studies CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)