Abstract
Open drug dealing at city or street level has been well documented in the United States and in Europe (see Zimmer, 1987, 1990; Uchida and Forst, 1994; Worden et al. 1994; Beschner and Bower, 1985). In Britain, claims such as ‘London is now the centre of a £3 billion addiction industry’1 and ‘Crack “turf wars” sweep Britaini’2 have made banner headlines in the national and local press. Drug trade in Manchester was reportedly ‘enforced by teenage hitmcn with Uzi sub-machine-guns and sawn-off shotguns’.3 Amidst the resultant public demands for safer streets, various police forces have set up ‘drug-free zones’, installing closed-circuit television cameras and mounting high-profile anti-drug operations to tackle the open, visible drug trade.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) (1994) Drug Misusers and the Criminal justice System, Part II: Police, Drug Misusers and the Community ( London: HMSO).
Alderson, J. (1984) Law and Disorder ( London: Hamish Hamilton).
Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) (1990) Setting the Standards: Meeting Community Expectation ( London: ACI’O).
Audit Commission (1990) Effective Policing: Performance Review in Police Forces ( London: HMSO).
Audit Commission (1993) Helping with Enquiries: Tackling Crime Effectively ( London: HMSO).
Breschner, G. and W. Bower (1985) ‘The Scene’, in B. Hanson et al. (eds), Life with Heroin ( Lexington MA: Lexington Books).
Camden Council, Islington Council, CENTEC and CILNTEC (1994) Destination Kings Cross — Single Regeneration Budget Proposal.
Clarke, J., A. Cochrane and E. McLaughlin (1994) Managing Social Policy ( London: Sage).
Cockburn, C. (1977) The Local State: The Management of Cities and People ( London: Pluto).
Cooper, D. (1993) ‘The Citizen’s Charter and Radical Democracy: Empowerment and Exclusion within Citizenship Discourse’, Social and Legal Studies, vol. 2 (2), pp. 149–71.
Crawford, A. (1994) ‘The Partnership Approach to Community Crime Prevention: Corporatism at the Local Level?’, Social and Legal Studies, vol. 3 (4), pp. 497–520.
Crime Concern (1994) Annual Review 1994: Towards a Safer Britain ( Swindon: Crime Concern).
Doern, G. (1993) ‘The UK Citizen’s Charter: Origins and Implementation in Three Agencies’, Policy and Politics, vol. 21 (1), pp. 17–29.
Dorn, N., K. Murji and N. South (1991) ‘Mirroring the market?’, in R. Reiner and M. Cross (eds), Beyond Law and Order ( London: Macmillan).
Dorn, N. and K. Murji (1992) ‘Low Level Drug Enforcement’, International Journal of the Sociology of Law, vol. 20, pp. 159–71.
Dorn, N., K. Murji and N. South (1992) Traffickers: Drug Markets and Law Enforcement ( London: Routledge).
Dixon, D., A.K. Bottomlcy, C. Coleman, M. Gill and D. Wall (1989) ‘Reality and Rules in the Construction and Regulation of Police Suspicion’, International journal of the Sociology of Law, vol. 17, pp. 185–206.
Graef, R. (1990) Talking Blues: The Police in Their Own Words ( London: Fontana).
Hayeslip, D. (1989) ‘Local-level Drug Enforcement: New strategies’, National Institute of Justice Report, no. 213, March/April 1989 ( Washington, DC: NIJ ).
HM Government (1994) Tackling Drugs Together — A Consultation Document Strategy for England 1995–1998 ( London: HMSO ).
Home Office (1992) Criminal Statistics: England and Wales 1991, Cmnd 2134 ( London: HMSO ).
Home Office (1993) Police Reform, White Paper, Cmnd 2281 ( London: HMSO ).
Horton, C. and D. Smith (1988) Evaluating Police Work ( London: Policy Studies Institute).
Keith, M. (1993) Race, Riots and Policing: Lore and Disorder in a Multi-racist Society ( London: University College London Press).
King, M. (1989) ‘Social Crime Prevention à la Thatcher’, Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, vol. 28 (4), pp. 291–312.
King’s Cross Community Safety Initiative (1994) Partners Against Crime ( London: King’s Cross Community Safety Initiative).
London Borough of Camden (1994) Community Safety in Camden: Working Together for a Safer Borough ( London: Borough of Camden).
London Drug Policy Forum (1994) Drugs and Community Safety: Promoting a Partnership Approach ( London: Metropolitan Police).
Maguire, M. (1994) ‘Crime Statistics, Patterns, and Trends: Changing Perceptions and their Implications’, in M. Maguire, R. Morgan and R. Reiner (eds), Oxford Handbook of Criminology ( London: Clarendon Press ).
McLaughlin, E. and J. Munci.e. (1994) ‘Managing the Criminal Justice System’, in J. Clarke et al. (eds), Managing Social Policy ( London: Sage).
Meese, E. and B. Carrico (1990) ‘Taking Back the Streets’, Polity Review, Fall, pp. 22–30.
Metropolitan Police (1993) Metropolitan Police Service Charter (Metropolitan Police: London).
Metropolitan Police (1994) Review of the rear 1993–94 (London: Metropolitan Police ).
Miles, R. (1993) Ruffling Feathers: Is Drug Enforcement for the Birds? ( MA dissertation, Essex University).
Moran, J. (1990) ‘High Noon in Alexandria: How we Ran the Crack Dealers out of Public Housing’, Policy Review, Summer, pp. 78–81.
Policing (1991) ‘The Way Ahead’, special issue, vol. 7 (3).
Reiner, R. (1991) Chief Constables ( Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Reiner, R. (1992) ‘Policing a Postmodern Society’, The Modern Law Review, vol. 55 (6), pp. 761–81.
Reiner, R. (1994) ‘Policing and the Police’, in M. Maguire, R. Morgan and R. Reiner (eds), Oxford Handbook of Criminology ( London: Clarendon Press ).
Sagarin, E. and MacNamera, D. (1972) ‘The Problem of Entrapment’, in R. Dahl and G. Dix (eds), Crime Law and Justice Annual 1972 ( Buffalo: William S. Hein ).
Sampson, A., P. Stubbs, D. Smith, G. Pearson and H. Blagg (1988) ‘Crime, Localities and the Multi-Agency Approach’, British Journal of Criminology, vol. 28 (4), pp. 478–93.
Scarman, Lord (1981) The Brixton Disorders ( London: HMSO).
Sheehy Report (1993) Report of the Inquiry into Police Responsibilities and Rewards, Cmnd 2280 I, I I ( London: HMSO ).
Standing Conference on Crime Prevention (1991) Safer Communities: The Local Delivery of Crime Prevention through the Partnership Approach ( London: HMSO).
Smith, D. and Gray, J. (1983) The Police in Action ( London: Policy Studies Institute).
Stubbs, P. (1987) ‘Crime, community and the multi-agency approach: a critical reading of the Broadwater Farm Inquiry Report’, Critical Social Policy, vol. 20, pp. 30–45.
Tilley, N. (1993) ‘Crime Prevention and the Safer Cities Story’, Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, vol. 32 (I), pp. 40–57.
Uchida, C. and Forst, B. (1994) ‘Controlling street-level drug trafficking: professional and community policing approaches’, in D. Mackenzie and C. Uchida (eds), Drugs and Crime: Evaluating Public Policy Initiatives ( Thousand Oaks: Sage ).
Wells, R. (1987) ‘The will and the way to move forward in policing’, in J. Benyon and J. Solomos (eds), The Roots of Urban Unrest ( Oxford: Pergamon ).
Worden, R., T. Bynum and J. Frank (1994) ‘Police Crackdowns on Drug Abuse and Trafficking’, in D. Mackenzie and C. Uchida (eds), Drugs and Crime: Evaluating Public Policy Initiatives ( Thousand Oaks: Sage ).
Wright, N. (1986) ‘The new Metropolitan Police Strategy and its Implications for the Campaign for Police Accountability’, Critical Social Policy, vol. 17, pp. 75–8.
Wright, A., A. Waymont and F. Gregory (1993) Drugs Squads: Law Enforcement Strategies and Intelligence in England and Wales ( London: Police Foundation).
Zimmer, L. (1987) Operation Pressure Point, Occasional Paper of the Centre for Crime and Justice ( New York: University School of Law).
Zimmer, L. (1990) ‘Proactive Policing against Street-level Drug Trafficking’, American Journal of Police, vol. 11 (1), pp. 43–74.
Zimmer, L. (1993) Policing Inner-City Drug Scenes: Lessons from New York, paper presented at 4th Conference of European Cities on Drug Policy, Hamburg, December 1993.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1996 Nicholas Dorn, Jørgen Jepsen and Ernesto Savona
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lee, M. (1996). London: ‘Community Damage Limitation’ through Policing?. In: Dorn, N., Jepsen, J., Savona, E. (eds) European Drug Policies and Enforcement. Confederation of European Economic Associations Conference Volumes. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24619-9_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24619-9_3
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-65221-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-24619-9
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social & Cultural Studies CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)