Abstract
It is now evident that a confluence of politics, history and geography has prompted Norway to approach the idea of European integration much more hesitantly than have the other Nordic countries, except Iceland. Although Norway has one of the world’s most open economies, and eagerly engages in even the thorniest international issues, such as the Israel-Palestine conflict, Norwegian society has been extremely reluctant to embrace the thought of Norway becoming a member of the European Union (EU). At the same time, the Norwegian government is in the unique position of having applied for membership no less than four times over the past 30 years - more than any other state - and of being the only one to have had an agreed accession treaty rejected by her own people not once, but twice.
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Notes
Nils A. Rohne, ‘Norge- en lunken europeer. Norsk Europa-politikk frem til 1950’, Oslo, Forsvarshistorisk Forskningssenter, Notat 7 ( 1986), p. 4.
Nils Morten Udgaard, Great Power Politics and Norwegian Foreign Policy (Oslo: Universitersforlaget, 1973), p. 209.
Stein Tønnesson, ‘Is Norway a European Country?’, in Klaus Bohnen et al. (eds), Europa- eine kulturelle Herausforderung für die nordischen Länder. Vortrage des Symposions, abgehalten am 4. und 5. Mai 1992 im Goethelnstitut Stockholm, Kopenhagen-München, 1992, p. 50.
Stein Rokkan and Henry Valen, ‘Regional Contrasts in Norwegian Politics: A review of data from official statistics and from sample surveys’, in E. Allardt and Y. Littunen (eds), Cleavages, Ideologies and Party Systems (Helsinki: Westermorck Society, 1964), p. 166 (quoted from the above article).
Brent F. Nelsen, ‘The European Community Debate in Norway: The Periphery Revolts, Again’, in Brent F. Nelsen (ed.), Norway and the European Community (Westport, Connecticut, and London: Praeger, 1993), p. 41.
Nils Morten Udgaard, ‘The Nordic Countries’, in Werner Weidenfeld and Josef Janning (eds), Europe in Global Change. Strategies and Options for Europe (Gutersloh: Bertelsmann Foundation, 1993), p. 175.
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© 1996 Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
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Udgaard, N.M. (1996). Norway and European Integration. In: Knudsen, O.F. (eds) Strategic Analysis and the Management of Power. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24608-3_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24608-3_15
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