Abstract
The Gaullist legacy means that French politics are in large part Presidential politics. The outcome of the referendum of October 1962 — which established the direct popular election of the President — has had a fundamental impact upon both French politicians and political parties. The presidential politics of the Fifth Republic has placed an enormous emphasis on the personality of party leaders. For political success you need at least two things: an attractive candidate and an efficient party machine to secure victory.
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Notes
J.-M. Le Pen, Les Français d’abord (Paris: Carrère/Lafon, 1984), p. 34.
Le Pen, G. Bresson and C. Lionet, Le Pen (Paris: Seuil, 1994).
E. Plenel and A. Rollat, L’effet Le Pen (Paris: Editions la Découverte/ Le Monde, 1984), p. 223.
The classic study of Poujadisme remains that of S. Hoffmann, Le Mouvement Poujade (Paris: Librarie Armand Colin, 1956).
D. Porch, The French Foreign Legion: A Complete History (London: Macmillan, 1991), p. 585.
A. Home, A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954–1962 (New York: The Viking Press, 1978), pp. 197–207.
By far the best discussion of the National Front’s currents and inner workings is provided by G. Birenbaum, Le Front national en politique (Paris: Editions Balland, 1992), pp. 244–53.
Y. Piat, Seule, tout en haut à droite (Paris: Fixot, 1991), pp. 106–7.
B. Hennion, Le Front national: l’argent et l’establishment (Paris: Éditions La Découverte, 1993), pp. 208–17.
Identité, No.4, November/December 1989. For a discussion of Action française, the right-wing intellectual group founded in response to the Dreyfus Affair, see A. Cobban, A History of Modern France, Volume 3: 1871–1962 (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1965), pp. 86–9.
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© 1995 Jonathan Marcus
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Marcus, J. (1995). Le Pen: The Man and His Party. In: The National Front and French Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24032-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24032-6_3
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