Abstract
Many recent studies, theoretical and empirical, have scanned the potential effects of the implementation of an energy or CO2 tax in order to cut down the CO2 emissions. As far as macroeconomic modelling is concerned, several kinds of model have been used: macroeconometric (Standaert, 1992); general equilibrium (Burniaux et al., 1992); or technological (Manne and Richels, 1990; Vouyoukas, 1992). A survey of all these studies can be found in Hoeller et al. (1992). The impacts of such a tax, either at macroeconomic or at energy level, may be considered to be well known, and the same holds true for various accompanying fiscal policies (Laroui and Velthuijsen, 1992). The goal of the present study is to go further, with the introduction of an energy-saving investment programme based on microeconomic calculations along with a gradual CO2/energy tax and other fiscal measures.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
AFME (1990), ‘Fiscalité sur le CO2 et gisements d’économie d’énergie’, paper no. 90.398 (Paris: Agence Française pour la Maîtrise de l’Energie (AFME), Service Economique).
Beaumais, O. (1992), ‘Variations sur l’écotaxe: évaluation des effets macroéconomiques et énergétiques de court-moyen terme induits par l’instauration d’une taxe mixte Carbone/Energie sur les énergies fossiles’ (Paris: ERASME & Commissariat Général du Plan).
Beaumais, O. and T. Bréchet, (1993), ‘La stratégie communautaire de régulation de l’effet de serre: quels enjeux pour la France?’, forthcoming in Economie et Prévision.
BIPE (1990) La vulnérabilité de la France à une taxation des energies fossiles (Paris: Bureau d’Information et de Prévision Economique).
Bossier, F. and R. De Rous, (1992), ‘Economic Effects of a Carbon Tax in Belgium: Application with the Macrosectoral Model HERMÈS’, Energy Economics, January, pp. 33–41.
Bréchet, T. (1992), Energy Tax in Europe: A VAT Variant with Hermes Link, Working paper Equipe de Recherche an Analyse des Systèmes et en Modélisation Economique (ERASME), (Paris: Université de Paris I and École Centrale de Paris).
Burniaux, J. M., J. P. Martin, G. Nicoletti and J. Oliveira-Martins (1992), GREEN: A Multi-sector, Multi-regions General Equilibrium Model for Quantifying the Costs of Curbing CO 2 Emissions: A Technical Manual, OECD Working Paper no. 116.
Capros P., P. Karadeloglou, G. Mentzas and P. Valette (1989), ‘A New Modeling Framework for Medium Term Energy Economy Interactions’, The Energy Journal, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1–27.
Capros P., P. Karadeloglou and G. Mentzas (1990), Carbon Tax Policy and its Impacts on CO 2 Emissions: Energy System Analysis with MIDAS and the HERMÈS-MIDAS Linked System for the UK, (Brussels: CEC — DG XII).
Capros P., P. Karadeloglou and L. Mentzos (1991), CO 2 Emissions Reduction: A Quantitative Analysis for Four European Countries, (Athens: National Technical University of Athens).
CEC (1986), The MIDAS energy model, (Brussels: CEC — Directorate General XII/E).
CEC (1991) Une stratégie communautaire pour limiter les émissions de dioxyde de carbone et améliorer l’efficacité énergétique
CEC (1992) ‘Proposition de directive du Conseil instaurant une taxe sur les emissions de dioxyde de carbone et sur l’énergie’, Journal Officiel des Communautés Européennes, COM(92) 226 final, 8 August.
CEC (1993) HERMÉS: Harmonized Econometric Research for Modelling Economic Systems (Amsterdam: North-Holland).
CEREN (1992) ‘Etude du gisement des actions de maitrise de l’énergie dans l’industrie de 1990 à 2005’, (Paris: Centre de Recherche sur l’Energie).
Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (1992) Memento sur l’Energie (Paris: Direction de la Stratégie et de l’Evaluation).
Detemmerman, V., E. Donni and P. Zagamé, (1991), Increase Energy Taxes as a Way to Reduce CO 2 Emissions: Problems and Accompanying Measures, Report for the CEC, DG XII.
DRI (1993), The Economic Consequences of the Proposed Energy/Carbon Tax, Final Report prepared for CEC, DG XI.
Epaulard, A. and M. Vielle (1991), ‘Effets macroéconomiques d’une hausse de la fiscalité sur l’énergie fossile’, Revue de l’Energie, no. 431, June.
Hoeller, P., A. Dean and M. Hayafuji (1992) New Issues, New Results: The OECD’s Second Survey of the Macroeconomic Costs of Reducing CO 2 emissions, OECD Working Paper no. 123.
Laroui F. and J. W. Velthuijsen (1992), ‘An Energy Tax in Europe,’ Proceedings of the SEO Conference held in Amsterdam on 13 December, 1991, on behalf of the CEC, University of Amsterdam, SEO Report no. 281.
Manne, A. S. and R. G. Richels (1990), ‘CO2 Emission Limits: An Economic Cost Analysis for the USA’, The Energy Journal, vol. 11, no. 2; pp. 51–74.
Passeron, P. and P. Zagamé (1985), ‘Modernisation industrielle et politique macroéconomique: le cas de l’automobile’, Economie et Statistique, no. 281, pp. 3–11.
Standaert, S. (1990), Quantifying the Effects of Non-price Environmental Policies, The Case of Italy, Report for the CO2 Crash Programme, CEC, DG XII.
Standaert, S. (1992) The Macrosectoral Effects of an EC-wide Energy Tax: Simulation Experiments for 1993–2005, European Economy, special edition, no. 1, pp. 127–151.
Velthuijsen, J. W. (1992), Incentives for Investment in Energy Efficiency: An Econometric Evaluation and Policy Implications, in F. Laroui and J. W. Velthuijsen (1992).
Vouyoukas, E. L. (1992), Carbon taxes and CO2 Emissions Targets: Results from the IEA Model, OECD Working Paper no. 114.
References
Hausman, J. (1979), ‘Individual Discount Rates and the Purchase of and Utilisation of Energy-using Durables’, The Bell Journal of Economics, 10, pp.33–54.
Ingham, A., J. Maw, and A. Ulph (1991), ‘Testing for Barriers to Energy Conservation — an Application of a Vintage Model’, The Energy Journal, 12, pp.41–64.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1995 Confederation of European Economic Associations
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beaumais, O., Bréchet, T. (1995). Ecotax, Rational Use of Energy and CO2 Emissions. In: Boero, G., Silberston, A. (eds) Environmental Economics. Confederation of European Economic Associations. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23989-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23989-4_9
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-23991-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-23989-4
eBook Packages: Palgrave Economics & Finance CollectionEconomics and Finance (R0)