Abstract
For Pierre Choisnet, writing the Rosier des guerres under the direction of his master Louis XI around 1481–2, ‘the noble kings of France have always aimed and worked to expand and enlarge their kingdom’. Given the perpetuation of the ideology of the princely warrior and chevalier, arguably at least down to the reign of Henri IV, war was an inescapable reality for those in control of state policy and for the whole population. There was no choice because, in a sense, war was the raison d’être both of the state and of the social order.1
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G. Mattingly, Renaissance Diplomacy (1st edn 1955, 1965), pp. 153–210; R. de Maulde-la-Clavière, La diplomatie au temps de Machiavel, 3 vols (Paris, 1892–3); J. Russell, Peacemaking in the Renaissance (London, 1986). For the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, see the comparison of the French and English diplomats in C. Giry-Deloison, ‘La naissance de la diplomatie moderne en France et en Angleterre au début du XVIe siècle (1475–1520)’, Nouvelle revue du seizième siècle, 5 (1987), 41–58
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Francis I’s correspondence with his agents in Germany, 1519: in A. Kluckhohn (ed.), Deutsche Reichstagsakten unter Kaiser Karl V, I (Göttingen, 1962), passim, esp. p.139 and n.383; F. Mignet, La rivalité de François Ier et de Charles-Quint, 2 vols (Paris, 1875), II, pp. 188–96. Journal de Barrillon, ed. P. de Vaissière, II, pp.120-40; G. Zeller, ‘Les rois de France candidats à l’empire’, RH, 173 (1934), 497–534
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J. Russell, The Field of the Cloth of Gold (London, 1969); Russell, ‘The Search for Universal Peace: the Conferences at Calais and Bruges in 1521’, BIHR, 44 (1971), 162–93.
P. Gwynn, ‘Wolsey’s foreign policy and the conferences of Calais and Bruges reconsidered’, HJ, 23 (1980), 755–72
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V.-L. Bourrilly, ‘Antonio Rincon et la politique orientale de François Ier’, RH, 13 (1913), 64–83
L. Cardauns, Von Nizza bis Crépy, europaische Politik in den jähren 1534 bis 1544 (Rome, 1923); A. Segre, ‘Document! ed osservazioni sul congrezzo di Nizza (1538)’, Accademia dei Lincei, 10 (1901), 72–98
D.L. Potter, ‘Foreign policy in the age of the Reformation’, p.529-; A. Hasenclever, ‘Die Geheimartikel zum Frieden von Crépy von 19. September 1544’, Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, 45 (1926), 418–26.
Henri II, 18 Oct. 1548, BN fr.6620, fo.7. On Scotland: see M.-N. Baudouin-Matuszek, ‘Un ambassadeur en Ecosse au XVIe siècle: Henri Clutin d’Oisel’, RH, 281 (1988), 77–131
Henri II to Selve, July 1548, Amateur d’autographes, 8 (1869), 22; D.L. Potter, ‘The Treaty of Boulogne and European Diplomacy, 1549–50’, BIHR, 55 (1982), 50–65
D.L. Potter, ‘The duc de Guise and the fall of Calais, 1557–8’, EHR, 118 (1983), 481–512.
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© 1995 David Potter
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Potter, D. (1995). French Foreign Policy, 1460–1560. In: A History of France, 1460–1560. New Studies in Medieval History. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23848-4_9
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