Abstract
In the second chapter I made the distinction, following Gardner (Gardner, 1990, pp. 63–6) between ‘national citizenship rights’ and ‘new citizenship rights’, where the latter are specifically human rights because they must be granted to all, xvithout distinction on national or any other ground (ibid., p. 66). The human rights involved are those to be found in such international agreements as the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the European Convention on Human Rights (1950). Whereas national citizenship rights determine a person’s (internally-oriented) relationship with a particular ‘state’, namely that ‘state’ of the nation-state which is his or her particular membership state, new citizenship rights determine a person’s relationship with ‘the state’ in general, that is, with any ‘state’ irrespective of his or her particular membership state.1
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Notes
David Lockwood, ‘Social Integration and System Integration’, in G.K. Zollschan and W. Hirsch (eds), Explorations in Social Change (1964).
Anthony Giddens, Central Problems in Social Theory (1979).
See R.A. Dahl, Polyarchy (1971);
Charles E. Lindblom, Politics and Markets (1977).
See also Eli Zaretsky, Capitalism, the Family and Personal Life (1975).
See Giddens, Historical Materialism, vol. 2 (1985) pp. 205ff.
See Ann Oakley, Women Confined: Towards a Sociology of Childbirth (1980).
See, for instance, N. Abercrombie and A. Warde (eds), Social Change in Contemporary Britain (1992) Chs. 1, 2 and 9.
On trade union rights and obligations, see, for instance: John Dearlove and Peter Saunders, Introduction to British Politics (1984).
An argument first presented by J.H. Goldthorpe and D. Lockwood, in ‘Affluence and the British Class Structure’, Sociological Review (1963).
See, for instance, John Allen and Doreen Masey (eds), Restructuring Britain: The Economy in Question (1988).
See also R. Burrows and B. Loader (eds), Towards a Post-Fordist Welfare Strate? (1994).
See also Alan Warde, ‘Consumers, Consumption and Post-Fordism’, in R. Burrows and B. Loader (eds), Towards a Post-Fordist Welfare State? (1994).
See D. Marquand (The Unprincipled Society, 1983), who, among other writers, argues ‘for an expansion in the bundle of rights to which individuals are entitled … to defend individual liberties’ (Taylor-Gooby, 1991b, p. 94).
Irwin, Review of Anthony Giddens (1993) p. 339.
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© 1995 Paul Close
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Close, P. (1995). Citizenship, Social Change and the Individual. In: Citizenship, Europe and Change. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23780-7_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23780-7_4
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