Abstract
In the previous chapters it has been assumed that the patients in our investigations have been adults; however, much of nursing is concerned with the care of children. The question arises as to whether there are differences in children’s health behaviour according to age. Studies of human development have found many changes in behaviour throughout the lifespan, and these can be divided into two categories:
-
1.
Quantitative changes (differences in amount). Children might not know how you catch a cold because they have never been told about colds.
-
2.
Qualitative changes (differences in essence/nature). Children find it impossible to understand about catching a cold no matter how hard you try to explain.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Walters, E., and Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of Attachment: a psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Alexander, D., Powell, G. M., Williams, P., White, M. and Conlon, M. (1988). Anxiety levels of rooming-in and non-rooming-in parents of young hospitalized children. Maternal—Child Nursing Journal, 17, 79–99.
Ambrose, J. A. (1969). Discussion contribution. In Ambrose, J. A. (Ed.) Stimulation in Early Infancy. London: Academic Press.
Andrews, S. R., Blumenthal, J. B., Johnson, D. L., Kahn, A. J., Ferguson, C. J., Lasater, T. M., Malone, P. E. and Wallace, D. B. (1982). The skills of mothering: A study of parent child-development centers. Monographs for the Society for Research in Child Development, 47, 1–83.
Aslin, R. N. (1987). Anatomical constraints on oculomotor development: Implications for infant perception. In Yonas, A. (Ed.) 20th Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology. Hillsdale, NJ.: Erlbaum.
Bell, R. Q. (1974). Contributions of human infants to caregiving and social interaction. In Lewis, M. and Rosenblum, L. A. (Eds) The Effect of the Infant on its Caregiver. London: Wiley.
Bibace, R. and Walsh, M. E. (1979). Developmental stages in children’s conceptions of illness. In Sone, G. C., Cohen, F. and Adler, N. (Eds) Health Psychology. New York: Jossey Bass.
Bower, T. G. R. (1989). The perceptual world of the new-born child. In Slater, A. and Bremner, G. (Eds) Infant Development. Hove: Erlbaum.
Bowlby, J. (1951). Maternal Care and Mental Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Brackbill, Y. (1975). Continuous stimulation and arousal level in infancy: Effects of stimulus intensity and stress. Child Development, 46, 364–369.
Brazelton, T. B., Nugent, K. J. and Lester, B. M. (1987). Neonatal behavioral assessment scale. In Osofsky, J. D. (Ed.) Handbook of Infant Development. 2nd edn. New York: Wiley.
Campos, J. J., Campos, R. G. and Barret, K. C. (1989). Emergent themes in the study of emotional development and emotion regulation. Developmental Psychology, 25, 394–402.
Cernoch, J. M. and Porter, R. H. (1985). Recognition of maternal axillary odors by infants. Child Development, 56, 1593–1598.
Clarke-Stewart, K. A. (1991). Infant day care: Maligned or malignant? In Woodhead, M., Light, P. and Carr, R. (Eds) Growing Up in a Changing Society. London: Routledge/Open University.
Cox, J. L., Holden, J. M. and Sagovsky, R. (1987). Detection of postnatal depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 782–786.
Crnic, K. A., Rogozin, A. S., Greenberg, M. T., Robinson, N. M. and Basham, R. B. (1983). Social-interaction and developmental competence of preterm and full-term infants during the first year of life. Child Development, 54, 1199–1210.
Dannemiller, J. L. and Stephens, B. R. (1988). A critical test of infant preference models. Child Development, 59, 210–216.
De Casper, A. J. and Spence, M. J. (1986). Prenatal maternal speech influences newborn’s perception of speech sounds. Infant Behaviour and Development, 9, 133–150.
Donaldson, M. (1978). Children’s Minds. London: Fontana.
Douglas, J. (1993). Psychology and Nursing Children. Leicester: BPS Books (The British Psychological Society)/Macmillan.
Douglas, J. W. B. (1975). Early hospital admissions and later disturbances of behaviour and learning. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 17, 456–480.
Eimas, P. D. (1985). The perception of speech in early infancy. Scientific American, 204, 66–72.
Eiser, C. and Hanson, L. (1989). Preparing children for hospital: A school-based intervention. The Professional Nurse, March, 297–300.
Eland, J. M. (1985). The role of the nurse in children’s pain. In Copp, L. A. (Ed.) Perspectives on Pain. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Emde, R. N. and Robinson, J. (1979). The first two months: Recent research in development psychobiology. In Noshpitz, J. and Call, J. (Eds) Basic Handbook of Child Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
Engen, T., Lipsitt, L. P. and Peck, M. B. (1974). Ability of newborn infants to discriminate sapid substances. Developmental Psychology, 10, 741–746.
Fantz, R. L. (1961). The origin of form perception. Scientific American, 204, 66–72.
Field, T. and Goldson, E. (1984). Pacifying effects of non-nutritive sucking on term and preterm neonates during heelstick procedures. Pediatrics, 74, 1012–1015.
Fielding, D. (1985). Chronic illness in children. In Watts, F. (Ed.) New Directions in Clinical Psychology. Chichester: Wiley/BPS Books (The British Psychological Society).
Fuller, B. F. (1991). Acoustic discrimination of three types of infant cries. Nursing Research, 40, 156–160.
Ganchrow, J. R., Steiner, J. E. and Daher, M. (1983). Neonatal facial expression in response to different qualities of intensities of gustatory stimuli. Infant Behaviour and Development, 6, 189–200.
Gennaro, S., Medoff-Cooper, B. and Lotas, M. (1992). Perinatal factors and infant temperament: A collaborative approach. Nursing Research, 41, 375–377.
Goodman, S. and Adams, D. (1989). Uncumphortable. Nursing Times, 85, 28–31.
Gustafson, G.E. and Harris, K. L. (1991). Women’s responses to young infants’ cries. Developmental Psychology, 26, 144–152.
Haith, M. M. (1980). Rules That Babies Look By. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Hetherington, E. M. (1989). Coping with family transitions: Winners, losers and survivors. Child Development, 60, 1–14.
Hodges, J. and Tizard, B. (1989). Social and family relationships of ex-institutional adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 77–97.
Holden, J. M., Sagovsky, R. and Cox, J. L. (1989). Counselling in a general practice setting: Controlled study of health visitor intervention in treatment of postnatal depression. British Medical Journal, 298, 223–226.
Jones, L. C. and Thomas, S. A. (1989). New father’s blood pressure and heart rate: Relationships to interaction with their newborn infants. Nursing Research, 38, 237–241.
Kalat, J. W. (1981). Biological Psychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Keith, R. W. (1975). Middle ear function in neonates. Archives of Otolaryngology, 101, 375–379.
Kessen, W., Haith, M. M. and Salapatek, P. (1970). Human infancy: A bibliography and guide. In Mussen, P. H. (Ed.) Carmichael’s Manual of Child Psychology. 3rd edn. London: Wiley.
Korner, A. F. (1987). Preventive intervention with high-risk newborns: Theoretical, conceptual, and methodological perspectives. In Osofsky, J. (Ed.) Handbook of Infant Development. New York: Wiley.
Korner, A. F. and Thoman, E. (1972). The relative efficacy of contact and vestibular proprioceptive stimuli in soothing neonates. Child Development, 43, 443–454.
Macfarlane, A. (1977). The Psychology of Childbirth. London: Open Books.
Makin, J. W. and Porter, R. H. (1989). Attractiveness of lactating females’ breast odors to neonates. Child Development, 60, 803–810.
Maniulenko, V. V. (1975). The development voluntary behaviour in pre-school-age children. Soviet Psychology, 13, 65–116.
Miller, B. C. and Sollie, D. C. (1986). Normal stresses during the transition to parenthood. In Moos, R. H. (Ed.) Coping with Life Crises. New York: Plenum.
Murray, L. and Stein, A. (1991). The effects of postnatal depression on mother-infant relations and infant development. In Woodhead, M., Carr, R. and Light, P. (Eds) Becoming a Person. London: Routledge/Open University.
Murray, L. and Trevarthen, C. B. (1985). Emotional regulation of interaction between two-month-olds and their mothers. In Field, T. M. and Fox, N. A. (Eds) Social Perception in Infants. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Myers, B. J. (1982). Early intervention using Brazelton training with middle-class mothers and fathers of newborns. Child Development, 53, 462–471.
Nelson, K. (1986). Event Knowledge: Structure and function in development. Hillsdale, NJ.: Erlbaum.
Niven, N. (1994). Health Psychology: An introduction for nurses and other health care professionals. 2nd edn. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Oehler, J. M. (1993). Developmental care of low birth weight infants. Nursing Clinics of North America, 28, 289–301.
Parmalee, A. H. (1986). Children’s illnesses: Their beneficial effects on behavioural development. Child Development, 57, 1–10.
Perrin, E. C. and Gerrity, P. S. (1981). There’s a demon in your belly: Children’s understanding of illness. Pediatrics, 67, 841–849.
Pinneau, S. (1955). The infantile disorder of hospitalism and anaclitic depression. Psychological Bulletin, 52, 429–452.
Quinton, D. and Rutter, M. (1976). Early hospital admissions and later disturbances of behaviour. In Clarke, A. M. and Clarke, A. D. B. (Eds) Early Experience. London: Open Books.
Rutter, M. (1976). Parent-child separation: Psychological effects on children. In Clarke, A. M. and Clarke, A. D. B. (Eds) Early Experience. London: Open Books.
Rutter, M. (1978). Early sources of security and competence. In Bruner, J. S. and Garten, A. (Eds) Human Growth and Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rutter, M. (1981). Maternal Deprivation Reassessed. 2nd edn. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Salter Ainsworth, M. D., Bell, S. M. and Stayton, D. J. (1991). Infant-mother attachment and social development: ‘Socialisation’ as a product of reciprocal responsiveness to signals. In Woodhead, M., Carr, R. and Light, P. (Eds) Becoming a Person. London: Routledge/Open University.
Sameroff, A. J. (1991). The social context of development. In Woodhead, M., Carr, R. and Light, P. (Eds) Becoming a Person. London: Routledge/Open University.
Schaffer, H. R. and Callender, W. M. (1959). Psychological effects of hospitalisation in infancy. Pediatrics, 24, 528–539.
Schaffer, H. R. and Emerson, P. E. (1964). The development of social attachments in infancy. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 29, No. 3 (Whole No 94).
Slater, A. (1991). Unpublished personal communication.
Slater, A. and Bremner, G. (Eds). (1989). Infant Development. Hove: Erlbaum.
Small, M. (1990). Cognitive Development. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Solkoff, N., Jaffe, S., Weintraub, D. and Blase, B. (1969). Effects of handling on the subsequent development of premature babies. Developmental Psychology, 1, 765–768.
Thomas, A., Chess, S. and Birch, H. G. (1970). The origin of personality. Scientific American, 223, 102–109.
Tizard, B. (1977). Adoption: A second chance. London: Open Books.
Tizard, B. (1991). Working mothers and the care of young children. In Woodhead, M., Light, P. and Carr, R. (Eds) Growing Up in a Changing Society. London: Routledge/Open University.
Widmayer, S. and Field, T. (1980). Effects of Brazelton demonstrations on early interactions of preterm infants and their teenage mothers. Infant Behaviour and Development, 3, 79–89.
Williams, H. and Carmichael, A. (1985). Depression in mothers in a multiethnic urban industrial municipality in Melbourne: Aetiological factors and effects on infants and pre-school children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26, 277–288.
Wolff, P. H. (1969). The natural history of crying and other vocalisations in early infancy. In Foss, B. M. (Ed.) Determinants of Infant Behaviour Vol 4. London: Methuen.
Further reading
Cole, M. and Cole, S. (1989). The Development of Children. New York: Scientific American Books.
Douglas, J. (1993). Psychology and Nursing Children. Leicester: BPS books (The British Psychological Society) and Macmillan.
Fogel, A. (1991). Infancy: Infant, family and society. 2nd ed. St. Paul: West.
Müller, D., Smith, P. Watteley, L. A. (1992). Nursing children: Psychology, research and practice. 2nd ed. London. Chapman and Hall.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1994 Neil Niven and Jill Robinson
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Niven, N., Robinson, J. (1994). Child health development. In: The psychology of nursing care. Psychology Applied to Nursing series. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23703-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23703-6_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-58355-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-23703-6
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social & Cultural Studies CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)