Abstract
In 1990 there were 456,840 women directly employed by armed forces throughout the world. Of these, the vast majority were in the armies of Western, industrialized countries, which may be classified as ‘rich’ in terms of income per capita and other indicators. Women are not drafted in any country with the exception of Israel. Even in countries where men are conscripted, women are admitted to the service on a volunteer basis. To a very large extent, therefore, women who are soldiers choose to be soldiers.
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Notes
NATO, Women in the NATO Forces (Brussels, 1986)
and NATO, Women in NATO: 30 years of Progress and Success (Brussels, 1991).
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See for example S. Deger and T. Sen, Military Expenditure: The Political Economy of International Security (Stockholm: SIPRI, 1990);
K. Hartley and T. Sandler (eds) The Economics of Defence Spending (London: Routledge, 1990);
C. Schmidt and F. Blackaby (eds) Peace, Defence, and Economic Analysis (London: Macmillan, 1987).
Some scholars argue that military spending is an ideal stimulus for the economy because it is Keynesian spending in its pure form, with the minimum ‘crowding out’ of private investment. Others argue that if the private sector had been subsidized by the same amount directly rather than indirectly, the gains in output, employment and productivity due to tecnological change would have been greater. See, for example, L. Dumas (ed.) The Political Economy of Arms Reduction (Boulder: Westview, 1982), and Hartley and Sandler (eds) The Economics ofDefence Spending.
E. Addis, ‘The Effects of Military Spending on Women in Italy’ in E. Isaksson (ed.) Women and the Military System (London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1988).
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© 1994 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Addis, E. (1994). Women and the Economic Consequences of Being a Soldier. In: Addis, E., Russo, V.E., Sebesta, L., Campling, J. (eds) Women Soldiers. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23495-0_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23495-0_1
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