Abstract
In the early 1780s ‘profits’ (kelabaan) from trade monopolies (barang larangan) comprised the major component of the Sultan of Kedah’s revenues. By the 1880s, however, the trade monopolies had become revenue farms (hasil pajak) and rents from revenue farms had become the basis of revenues.
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© 1993 John G. Butcher and H. W. Dick
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Jin, K.K. (1993). Revenue Farming and State Centralisation in Nineteenth-Century Kedah. In: Butcher, J., Dick, H. (eds) The Rise and Fall of Revenue Farming. Studies in the Economies of East and South-East Asia. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22877-5_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22877-5_8
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-22879-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-22877-5
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