Abstract
Threats to the national security of a state can take a variety of forms. These include not only military pressures but also economic, political or ideological pressures as well as appeals based on historical affiliations or ethnic factors. The important point here is that states define ‘national security’ in different terms, depending upon the issues, circumstances, events and resources which they deem important. In one state, security may be defined in military terms because the state has no major demographic or economic issues/problems which materially affect the domestic distribution of political forces; in another state, however, threats to the stability of the currency, or to the balance of domestic forces based upon, say, a religious division, may be considered of far greater importance to ‘national security’. It is, then, useful to disaggregate the term ‘national security’, and discuss the specific features of a given state which appear to its elites and current leaders to offer the opportunity to others of intervening or threatening the society and its economy, as well as its political institutions.
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Notes
On the political history of Yemen since independence, see: Manfred W. Wenner, Modern Yemen 1918–1966 (Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1967);
Robert Stookey, Yemen: The Politics of the YAR (Boulder: Westview Press, 1978);
And J. Petersen, Yemen (Boulder, Col.: Westview Press, 1982).
On the political history of South Yemen, see Robert Stookey, South Yemen (Boulder, Col.: Westview Press, 1982);
Joseph Kostiner, The Struggle for South Yemen (New York: St Martin’s Press, 1984);
Tareq Y. and Jacqueline Ismael, PDR Yemen (Boulder, Col.: Lynne Rienner, 1986);
And Helen Lackner, PDR Yemen (London: Ithaca Press, 1985).
On recent events and the relationship between the Yemens, see Fred Halliday, Revolution and Foreign Policy (Cambridge University Press, 1990);
And Robin Bidwell, The Two Yemens (Boulder, Col.: Westview Press, 1983).
Richard Nyrop (ed.), The Yemens, 2nd edn (Washington, DC: USGPO, 1986) is also very useful for basic information on both Yemens and their relationship.
The most up-to-date and complete survey of the importance of Saudi Arabia to the Yemens is by F. Gregory Gause III, Saudi-Yemeni Relations (New York: Columbia University Press, 1990).
Although now dated, the best surveys of the economies of the two Yemens were prepared by the World Bank in the 1970s. See also Ragaei El-Mallakh, The Economic Development of the Yemen Arab Republic (London: Croom Helm, 1986).
The literature on the Yemeni expatriate workers has grown to sizeable proportions; one should begin with Jon Swanson, Emigration and Economic Development: The Case of the YAR (Boulder, Col.: Westview Press, 1979).
On more recent developments in Yemen, and the relationship with the South, see Robert Burrowes, The Yemen Arab Republic (Boulder, Col.: Westview Press, 1987);
And Manfred Wenner, The Yemen Arab Republic (Boulder, Col.: Westview Press, 1991). On the relationship with Saudi Arabia, see Gause, Saudi-Yemeni Relations.
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© 1993 Bahgat Korany, Paul Noble and Rex Brynen
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Wenner, M.W. (1993). National Integration and National Security: The Case of Yemen. In: Korany, B., Noble, P., Brynen, R. (eds) The Many Faces of National Security in the Arab World. International Political Economy Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22568-2_8
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