The Study of Buddhist Ethics

Abstract

In the face of the complexity of Buddhist metaphysics it is easy to lose sight of the fact that Buddhism is a response to what is fundamentally an ethical problem — the perennial problem of the best kind of life for man to lead. Like many philosophers Siddhattha Gotama was driven to seek the solution to this problem and the associated ethical questions it raises of the kind mentioned above. He pondered these matters over the course of many lifetimes and ultimately resolved them during his last existence. The remainder of his life was devoted to propagating the definitive solution he had discovered and encouraging others to implement it. The invitation he extended to his followers was to participate in the highest and best form of human life, to live a ‘noble’ life. This form of life embraces both seeing the world in the way the Buddha came to see it, and acting in it in the way he acted. The goal, then, is not simply the attainment of an intellectual vision of reality or the mastery of doctrine (although it includes these things) but primarily the living of a full and rounded human life.

What is good, what is bad? What is right, what wrong? What ought I to do or not to do? What, when I have done it, will be for a long time for my sorrow … or my happiness?

Lakkhana-sutta (D.iii.157)