Abstract
In the theatre, identity is a construct of performance, the stage an arena of illusion. Often the word ‘persona’ seems more precise than the word ‘character’ with its echoes of the complete and observed ‘person’. Indeed if we continue to call players characters it is precisely because we have fallen prey to their vibrant powers of illusion. They embody the passing illusion of a self-contained life. For all characters are actors who perform, who don metaphorical masks, whose job is usually to realise the persona of someone else’s invention. The emerging identity of that persona is a balancing act between the actor’s self, the character that is performed and what might be accepted by the audience as reality in the world beyond the stage. Such a world is always important. The arena of illusion must make reference to a Beyond that is both more real and yet more remote. Once it comes into performance, this world of the Beyond is also trapped by performance, enslaved and wrenched out of its proper habitus. In capturing the Otherness of the world beyond, performance expresses its own nature simultaneously with that part of the world it has briefly captured. The force of dramatic impact upon the spectator usually leads to one conclusion. It is the performance not the world which at that moment is the more real.
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Notes
Elizabeth Burns, Theatricality (London: Longman, 1972), pp. 31–3.
Mikhail Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination (trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist) (Austin: University of Texas, 1981), p. 34.
Bert O. States, Great Reckonings in Little Rooms: On the Phenomenology of Theater (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985), pp. 61–6.
John Orr, Tragic Drama and Modern Society, 2nd revised edn. (London: Macmillan, 1989), p. 3 ff., p. 50 ff.
Raymond Williams, Drama from Ibsen to Brecht (London: Oxford University Press, 1968), p. 334 f.
Oscar Cargill (ed.), O’Neill and His Plays: Four Decades of Criticism (New York University Press, 1961), p. 184 f. A successful revival of the five-hour play, of what is at times an unreadable text, was directed in London by Keith Hacks in 1984. See John Orr, ‘Thwarted Passion’, in Literary Review, 73 (July 1984).
Henri Bergson, Matter and Memory (trans. N.M. Paul and W. S. Palmer) (London: Macmillan, 1911), pp. 126–9. See Cinema 2: The Time Image (trans. Hugh Tomlinson) (London: Athlone Press, 1989), pp. 45–9.
Roger Callois Man, Play and Games (trans. Meyer Barash) (New York: Free Press, 1961), pp. 11–37.
Johan Huizinga, Homo Ludens (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1949), Chapter 1.
Fredric Jameson, ‘Postmodernism and Consumer Society’, in Hal Foster (ed.), Postmodern Culture (London: Pluto Press, 1985), p. 111 f.
Ingmar Bergman, The Magic Lantern (trans. Joan Tate) (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1988).
Martin Walker, ‘How Los Angeles was Lost’, in Guardian, 2 September 1989; see also E. P. Thompson, ‘Notes on Exterminism: The Last Stage of Civilisation’, New Left Review, 121 (1980), pp. 3–27. On the visual derealisation effects of the new ballistic weapons systems see Paul Virilio, War and Cinema: The Logistics of Perception (trans. Patrick Camiller) (London: Verso, 1989), p. 84 f.
Joe Bailey, Pessimism (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988), p. 40 ff.
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© 1991 John Orr
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Orr, J. (1991). Play and Performative Culture. In: Tragicomedy and Contemporary Culture. Edinburgh Studies in Culture and Society. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21562-1_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21562-1_2
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