Abstract
Walpole’s world was still affected by the aftershock of earlier events. The ‘Glorious Revolution’ of 1688 and the consequent Jacobite challenge influenced English politics and government greatly, not least because of the effects of the two expensive and lengthy wars with France (1689–97, 1702–13) that were due substantially to William III’s determination to limit French influence in western Europe. The effect of 1688 on Scotland and Ireland was more direct. It touched off a British civil war as supporters of William and James struggled for control of both Ireland and Scotland. By 1691 this had resulted in a Williamite triumph in both areas although neither could be regarded as completely pacified, and the Scottish Highlands remained tense as episodes such as the massacre of Glencoe of 1692 revealed.
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References
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© 1990 Jeremy Black
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Black, J. (1990). The British Dimension. In: Robert Walpole and the Nature of Politics in Early Eighteenth-century Britain. British History in Perspective. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21119-7_6
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