Abstract
The various contributing components of a natural hydrograph are shown in figure 7.1. To begin with there is baseflow only; that is, the groundwater contribution from the aquifers bordering the river, which go on discharging more and more slowly with time. The hydrograph of baseflow is near to an exponential curve and the quantity at any time is represented very nearly by Qt = Q0e-αt where Qo = discharge at start of period Qt = discharge at end of time t a = coefficient of aquifer e = base of natural logarithms.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Natural Environment Research Council. Flood Studies Report, Vol. I, NERC, 1975, Chapter 6
Sherman, L. K. Stream flow from rainfall by the unitgraph method. Eng. News Record, 108, (1932) 501
Bernard, M. An approach to determinate stream flow. Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 100, (1935) 347
Linsley, R. K., Kohler, M. A. and Paulhus, J. L. H. Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1949, pp. 448–9
Collins, W. T. Runoff distribution graphs from precipitation occurring in more than one time unit. Civ. Eng., 9, No. 9 (September 1939) 559
Snyder, F. F. Synthetic unitgraphs. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 19th Annual Meeting 1938, Part 2, p. 447
Hursh, C. R. Discussion on Report of the committee on absorption and transpiration. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 17th Annual Meeting 1936, p. 296
Linsley, R. K. Application of the synthetic unitgraph in the western moun-tain States. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 24th Annual Meeting 1943, Part 2, p. 580
Taylor, A. B. and Schwarz, H. E. Unit hydrograph lag and peak flow related to basin characteristics. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 33, (1952) 235
Institution of Civil Engineers. Floods and Reservoir Safety: an engineering guide, I.C.E., London, 1978
Paulhus, J. L. H. and Gilman, C. S. Evaluation of probable maximum precipitation. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 34, (1953) 701
Generalised estimates of probable maximum precipitation over the U.S. east of the 105th meridian. Hydrometeorological Report No. 23, U.S. Weather Bureau, Washington D.C., 1947
Generalised estimates of probable maximum precipitation of the United States west of the 105th meridian for areas to 400 square miles and durations to 24 hours. Tech. Paper 38, U.S. Weather Bureau, Washington D.C., 1960
Manual for depth duration area analysis of storm precipitation. U.S. Weather Bureau Co-operative Studies Tech. Paper No. 1, Washington D.C., 1946
Hershfield, D. M. Estimating the probable maximum precipitation. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 87, (September 1961) 99
National Environment Research Council. Flood Studies Report, Vol. II, NERC, 1975
Bleasdale, A. The distribution of exceptionally heavy daily falls of rain in the United Kingdom. J. Inst. Water Eng., 17, (February 1963) 45
Wiesner, C. J. Analysis of Australian storms for depth, duration, area data. Rain Seminar, Commonwealth Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, 1960
Further reading
Barnes, B. S. Consistency in unitgraphs. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 85, HY8 (August 1959)39
Buil, J. A. Unitgraphs for non uniform rainfall distribution. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 94, HY1 (January 1965) 235
Morgan, P. E. and Johnson, S. M. Analysis of synthetic unitgraph methods. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 88, HY5 (September 1962) 199
Morris, W. V. Conversion of storm rainfall to runoff. Proc. Symposium No. 1, Spillway Design Floods, N.R.C., Ottawa, 1961, p. 172
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1990 E. M. Wilson
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wilson, E.M. (1990). Hydrograph Analysis. In: Engineering Hydrology. Red Globe Press, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20610-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20610-0_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Red Globe Press, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-53180-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-20610-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)