Abstract
In the quest for the sublime women writers were curiously recalcitrant. By and large they withdrew from a vision that seemed to reach, without mediation to divinity. The grand marriages of sense and spirit, ‘a culminating and procreative marriage between mind and nature’, as M.H. Abrams calls it, are typically absent in female writing.1 Rather, there is a crossing back, at the brink of visionary revelation, to the realms of ordinary, bodily experience — whether that experience is rendered subtle and elusive, as with Dorothy Wordsworth, or imaged in almost brutal excess, as with Mary Shelley. Typically then, such writing chooses to preserve rather than forget the materials of ordinary female life. And this choice, implicit, even covert at times, restructures a new feminine sensibility. When women do write of sublimity, there is frequently apprehension, a tightening of tone as if permission were sought from a patriarchal power.
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Notes
M.H. Abrams, Natural Supernaturalism, Tradition and Revelation in Romantic Literature (New York: Norton, 1973) p. 27.
Thomas Weiskel, The Romantic Sublime, Studies in the Structure and Psychology of Transcendence (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1976) p. 4.
Sampson Reed, Observations on the Growth of the Mind (Boston, 1826),
cited in Perry Miller, The Transcendentalists (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1950) p. 58.
Hester Chapone, Letters on the Improvement of the Mind (1773) in The Works of Hester Chapone, 4 vols. (Boston: Wells and Wait, 1809) 4:147.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Reveries of the Solitary Walker transl. Charles Butterworth (New York: Harper and Row, 1979) p. 12. Hereafter cited as SW, followed by a page number.
The concept of the époche or the ‘phenomenological reduction’ was first outlined by Edmund Husserl in The Idea of Phenomenology (1907) and developed in Ideas (1913). In its initial form — in order to clarify the structures of consciousness — it calls for a total suspension of belief in the status of the external world: ‘Every thesis related to this objectivity’, wrote Husserl, ‘must be disconnected…’ Edmund Husserl, Ideas, General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology, transl. W.R. Boyce-Gibson (London: Allen and Unwin, 1952) p. 110.
Simone Weil, Waiting for God, transl. Emma Crauford (New York: G.P. Putnam’s, 1951) pp. 115,159.
Thomas McFarland, Romanticism and the Forms of Ruin: Wordsworth, Coleridge and the Modalities of Fragmentation (Princeton University Press, 1981) p. 28.
Marc A. Rubenstein, ‘“My Accursed Origin”: The Search for the Mother in Frankenstein’, Studies in Romanticism, 15 (Spring 1976) 2, p. 174.
Mary Jacobus, ‘“Behold the Parent Hen”: Pedagogy and The Prelude’, Paper delivered at the English Institute, Harvard University, August, 1986.
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© 1989 Meena Alexander
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Alexander, M. (1989). Versions of the Sublime. In: Women in Romanticism. Women Writers. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20257-7_9
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