Abstract
The outbreak of the First World War in August 1914 did not immediately bring a fundamental change in Lenin’s analysis of capitalism, or in his view that Russian backwardness precluded anything other than a democratic revolution in that country. Although the nature of capitalism as a world system figured much more prominently in his work of the war years, most elements of his Imperialism,1 written in 1916, can be found in his pre-war writings,2 and he retained allegiance to his formula of the ‘democratic dictatorship’ until the early months of 1917.3 Equally Plekhanov and the Mensheviks remained committed to their pre-war economic analysis and to an alliance with the liberal bourgeoisie. Trotsky alone introduced a significant change into his theory of permanent revolution, but as we have seen in Chapter 12 this reinforced rather than modified his previous conclusions.
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Notes
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Howard, M.C., King, J.E. (1989). Imperialism and War: Bukharin and Lenin on Monopoly Capitalism, 1914–17. In: A History of Marxian Economics. Radical Economics. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20112-9_13
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