Abstract
The most remarkable development in Soviet publishing over the last three years has been the breathtaking transformation of the majority of the literary journals. The two currently most exciting journals, Novy mir and Znamia, have been utterly rejuvenated by their new chief editors. The veteran writer, Sergei Zalygin, has been editor-in-chief of Novy mir since the issue for October 1986. At the beginning of 1987 he brought on to the editorial board the journalist and story-writer Anatolii Strelianyi, the poet Oleg Chukhontsev and others. Novyi mir (circulation in January 1988 1 150 000, up from 496 100 in December 1987),1 has published Platonov’s The Foundation Pit (1987, 6), Bulgakov’s To A Secret Friend (1987, 8), Bitov’s Pushkin House (1987, 10–12), Shatrov’s The Peace of Brest-Litovsk (1987, 4), Brodskii’s poetry (1987, 12) and Doctor Zhivago (1988, 1–4). Grigorii Baklanov, another writer-editor, in charge at Znamia since August 1986, has co-opted Vladimir Lashkin, a key figure on Tvardovskii’s editorial board at the old Novyi mir and the urban writer Vladimir Makanin to the board. Unlike Novyi mir, Znamia has no glorious traditions to look back to, and its sudden dynamism has taken readers by surprise. Its 1988 circulation of 500 000 is up from 175 000 in 1985. It has published Alesandr Bek’s A New Assignment (1986, 10–11), Platonov’s The Juvenile Sea (1986, 6), Bulgakov’s The Heart of a Dog (1987, 6), Pil’niak’s The Tale of the Unextinguished Moon (1987, 12), Shatrov’s Onward … Onward … Onward! (1988, 1) and Zamiatin’s We (1988, 4–5).
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Notes and References
On Kholopov, see Nataliia Il’ina, ‘Zdravstvui, plemia mladoe, neznakomoe’, Ogonek, 1988, 2, pp. 23–26 (p. 26).
Odoevtseva’s return to the Soviet Union from an emigration that had begun in 1923 was announced by Radio Moscow on 13 April 1987. See Nancy P. Condee and Vladimir Padunov, ‘Recharting Soviet Cultural History’, Framework, 34, 1987, p. 62 and note 8, p. 102.
Wishnevsky, ‘A guide’, op. cit. (note 1) pp. 15–16. See also her ‘A second “Pamyat”’ emerges’, Radio Liberty Research RL 463/87, and ‘Nash Sovremennik talks to Soviet TV viewers’, RL 346/88; and Elena Gessen ‘Bitvy “Nashego sovremennika”’, Vremia i my (New York), 99, 1987, pp. 175–89.
On The Fire, see M. Nazarov, “Nado zhit” Grani, 140, 1986, pp. 309–15. On A Sad Detective Story, see ibid., ‘Borot’sia so zlom-znaia ego prirodu’, ibid., 142, 1986, pp. 282–87. On The Executioner’s Block, see R. Porter, ‘Chingiz Aitmatov’s The Execution Block: Religion, Opium and the People’, Scottish Slavonic Review, 8, 1987, pp. 75–90; Katerina Clark, ‘The Executioner’s Block: a novel of the thaw’, The Times Literary Supplement, 26 June 1987, p. 696; and R. Pittman, ‘Chingiz Aytmatov’s Plakha: Novel in a time of change’, The Slavonic and East European Review, 66, 1988, pp. 357–79. Aitmatov himself has apparently suggested that The Executioner’s Block did not appear in the July 1986 issue of Novyi mir because he was simply too busy to check the proofs.
The New Assignment is the first work specifically sent abroad for publication to appear later in a Soviet journal. For a useful survey of the fate of this novel, see Mark Kuchment, ‘Twenty years later’, Russian Review, 46, 1987, pp. 433–37.
On these seven works, see Geoffrey Hosking, ‘At last an exorcism’, The Times Literary Supplement, 9–15 October 1987, pp. 1111–12. On Children of the Arbat see also John Barber, ‘Children of the Arbat’, Detente, 11, 1988, pp. 8–11, 38. On Peasants and their women,
see also David Gillespie, ‘History, politics and the Russian peasant: Boris Mozhaev and the collectivization of agriculture’, Slavonic and East European Review 67, 1989, pp. 183–210. On The Buffalo, see also V. T., ‘Pravda i polupravda v novoi knige o sovetskoi nauke’, Russkaia mysl’ 3677, 1978 , pp. 11, 14.
On the first books of The Liubavins (1965) and The Eves (1972–76) see Geoffrey Hosking, Beyond Socialist Realism. Soviet Fiction since Ivan Denisovich, London, 1980, pp. 168–70, 67–70.
On Tvardovskii’s unsuccessful attempt to publish By the Right of Memory in his own journal, Novyi mir, see Iurii Burtin, ‘Vam, iz drugogo pokolen’ia…; Oktiabr’, 1987, 8, pp. 191–202, (pp. 201–2); and below, Section IV.
On these stories see Ol’ga Martynenko, ‘V polnyi golos. Rasskazy Vladimira Tendriakova v “Novom mire”’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 14, p. 15; and Julia Wishnevsky, ‘Roy Medvedev’s figures on victims of collectivisation cited in Novyi mir’ Radio Liberty Research, RL 155/88.
More than half of Iskander’s novel, including the chapters on Stalin, had not been published in the Soviet Union until the autumn of 1988. According to Iskander these totalled some 600 pages (‘Neizvestnyi Sandro’, a conversation between Iskander and Natal’ia Ivanova, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 28, p. 11).
There is an extremely interesting study of all Shatrov’s plays, David Joravsky, ‘Glasnost Theater’, The New York Review of Books, vol. 35, no. 17, 10 November 1988, pp. 34–39.
On Okudzhava’s new poems, see G. S. Smith, ‘Okudzhava marches on’, Slavonic and East European Review, 66, 1988, pp. 553–63.
Iurii Kariakin, ‘Stok li nastupat’ na grabli?’, Znamia, 1987, 9, p. 210.
Iurii Afanas’ev, rector of the State Historical Archive Institute, described Shatrov’s plays as a ‘bitter reproach to historians’ in an interview in Sovetskaia kul’tura, 21 March 1987, p. 3. This interview appears in English as ‘We are only beginners’, in Socialist Register 1988, ed. Ralph Miliband et al., London, 1988, pp. 79–89.
The historian Iurii Poliakov, interviewed by Literaturnaia gazeta, 29 July 1987, p. 10, added: ‘Historical scholarship has fallen behind literature, where the appearance of interesting works by Aitmatov, Granin, Rybakov and Dudintsev has revealed negative aspects of the development of our society.’
On Tolstaia, see Helena Goscillo, ‘Tat’iana Tolstaia’s “Dome of Many-Coloured Glass”: The world refracted through multiple perspectives’, Slavic Review, 47, 1988, pp. 280–90, which contains, note 2, p. 280, a list of Tolstaia’s journal publications.
See Natal’ia Ivanova, ‘Fal’shivyi Gogol’’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 11, p. 3.
On Kaledin see Irina Murav’eva, ‘Izlechenie pravdoi’, Kontinent, 55, 1988, pp. 385–93.
These and other new poets were represented in Krug, Leningrad, 1985, a selection of the work of the ‘Club 81’ writers. Krivulin’s assessment of this ‘concession’ by an official publishing house is withering: They didn’t really publish our work. They murdered it. A subtle form of murder, but murder all the same. They chose our least interesting work, and they published it in a context that was completely alien to it.’ (Sally Laird, ‘Soviet literature — what has changed?’, Index on Censorship, 1987, 7, pp. 8–13 (p. 11).
M. Epshtein, ‘Pokolenie, nashedshee sebia’, Voprosy literatury, 1986, 5, pp. 40–72; ‘Kontsepty… Metaboly… O novykh techeniiakh v poezii’, Oktiabr’, 1988, 4, pp. 194–203; (reprinted as ‘… Ia by nazval eto-“metabola”. Zametki o novykh techeniiakh v poezii’, Vzgliad, comp. A. N. Latynina and S. S. Lesnevskii, Moscow, 1988, pp. 171–96). See also his ‘Life after Utopia: new poets in Moscow’, Index on Censorship, 1988, 1, pp. 12–14.
Slavkin: Serso, Sovremennaia dramaturgiia, 1986, 4.
Galin: Stars in the Morning Sky, Teatr, 1988, 8.
The editor of Moskva, Mikhail Alekseev, had told the British journalist Sally Laird in May 1987 that ‘Brodsky is not a poet… Also, he is not a Russian’ (Sally Laird, ‘Soviet Literature — what has changed?’, index on Censorship, 1987, 7, p. 10.
Natal’ia Ivanova, Moskovskie novosti, 8 May 1988.
Letter from Tat’iana Tolstaia and Viktor Erofeev, Ogonek, 1988, 18, p. 3.
A. Bocharov, ‘Pokushenie na mirazhi’, Voprosy literatury, 1988, 1, pp. 72–73. The examples Bocharov gives are Nekrasov’s Frontline Stalingrad, Solzhenitsyn’s One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Akenov’s A Ticket to the Stars and Vladimov’s The Big Ore.
A. Suetnov, ‘Otkuda berutsia “belye piatna”?’, V mire knig, 1988, 4, pp. 85–86.
E. Riazanov, ‘Velikodushie’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 25, p. 12.
Elena Chukovskaia, ‘Vernut’ Solzhenitsynu grazhdanstvo SSSR’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 32, p. 15. See also Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 33, pp. 6–7, for readers’ letters unanimously in support of Chukovskaia, and Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 34 for Solzhenitsyn’s correspondence with Zhigulin (see note 22).
See also L. Voskresenskii, ‘Zdravstvuite, Ivan Denisovichl’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 32, p. 11, which describes One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich for the benefit of readers who have not been able to get hold of it.
See, for example, Elena Gessen, ‘Kommentarii k kommentariiam’, Strana i mir, 1987, 6, pp. 133–38;
N. Kuznetsova, ‘Pokaianie ili preklonenie?’, Russkaia mysl’, 3697, 1987, pp. 10–11, 14; B. Vail’, ‘Stalinskoi ulybkoiu sogreta…’, ibid, 3707, 1988, p. 10, all of which are sceptical about the historical accuracy of Rybakov’s Children of the Arbat. In a hard-hitting piece in Russkaia mysl’, Vladimir Maksimov eloquently describes how some of the present supporters of glasnost’ participated in earlier campaigns against writers (‘Dukhovnoe maroderstvo, ili Komu i za chto stydno?, Russkaia mysl’, 3710, 1988, p. 11).
Obviously, different journals are responding to developments with differing degrees of warmth. For a survey of recent appearances by Soviet cultural figures in different émigré journals, see G. Andreev, ‘Vstrechi s deiateliami sovetskoi kul’tury na stranitsakh emigrantskikh gazet i zhurnalov’, Russkaia mysl’, 3735, 1988, p. 10.
See ‘O konferentsii v Kopengagene’, Russkaia mysl’, 3718, 1988, p. 12; Julia Wishnevsky, ‘Soviet and émigré academics and writers meet in Denmark’, Radio Liberty Research, RL 102/88; G. Belaia, ‘Dialog vo imia nashei obshchei kul’tury’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 20, p. 4. The conference speeches by Afanas’ev, Cronid Lubarskii, Iskander and Siniavskii are in Index on Censorship, 1988, 5, pp. 13–22, 36.
On the Stalin prizewinners, see A. Bocharov, ‘Pokushenie na mirazhi’, Voprosy literatury, 1988, 1, pp. 40–77, (p. 51). On pages 50, 51, 54 and 55 of his article, Bocharov lists authors and works he would gladly consign to oblivion. For Vysotskii, see Sovetskaia bibliografiia 1988, 2, pp. 83–86; for Shalamov, see ibid., 1988, 3, pp. 68–70; for Bukharin, see ibid., pp. 58–60.
It should be stressed that in this endeavour Soviet journals are belatedly following in the courageous footsteps of samizdat and of émigré publishers, in particular the Pamiat’ (Memory — the very title is indicative of their aims) and Minuvshee volumes. Five issues of Pamiat’ appeared first in samizdat and then in New York and Paris between 1976 and 1982. Six volumes of Minuvshee have appeared in Paris between 1986 and the time of writing. These excellently edited volumes remain the major source for the dark places of Soviet literary (and not only literary) history. On literary history in Pamiat’, see J. Graffy, ‘Ogosudarstvlenie’, Sbornik, Leeds, 9, 1983, pp. 97–107.
Arkadii Vaksberg, ‘Protsessy’, Literaturnaia gazeta, 1988, p. 12. This study concentrates on the fates of Meierkhol’d, Mikhail Kol’tsov and Babel’. Neither Rudnitskii nor Vaksberg includes certain of the details of Meierkhol’d’s torture provided by the young archivist, Dmitrii Iurasov, at a meeting at the Tsentral’nyi dom literatorov in Moscow on 13 April 1987 (see Russkaia mysl’, 3675, 1987, pp. 4–5). Iurasov has now written briefly in the Soviet press about the tortures inflicted on Meierkhol’d, in a short report on documents he encountered while working as an archivist in Moscow (‘Vernite pravo na pamiat’!’, Sobesednik, 1988, 22, p. 5). There is an extremely interesting article on Iurasov and his activities, V. Chalikova, ‘Arkhivnyi iunosha’, Neva, 1988, 10, pp. 152–62; see also Sovetskaia bibliografia, 1988, 5, pp. 61–7.
Daniil Granin, ‘Mimoletnoe iavlenie’, Ogonek, 1988, 6, pp. 9–11, 29.
Nikolai Zabolotskii, ‘Istoriia moego zakliucheniia’, Daugava, 1988, 3, pp. 105–16.
On the Pasternak affair, see V. Kaverin, ‘Literator’, Znamia, 1987, 8, pp. 80–121 (109–21). Vladimir Simonov describes the trial of Siniavskii and Daniel’ as ‘oppressive’ in Moskovskie novosti, 1987, 8, p. 23.
Brodskii’s arrest and trial are briefly mentioned in the afterwords to publications of his poems by Aleksandr Kushner, Neva, 1988, 3, pp. 109–10
and M. Lotman, Druzha narodov, 1988, 8, pp. 184–86; in detail in Neva, 1989, 2, pp. 134–66, and Iunost’, 1988, 2.
V. Smekhov, ‘Skripka Mastera’, Teatr, 1988, 2, pp. 97–124. For reader response to this article, see ibid., 1988, 6, pp, 67–70, 7, pp. 138–40. For the transcript of the discussion of Liubimov’s production of Boris Godunov in 1982, see Sovremennaia dramaturgiia, 1988, 4, pp. 196–223. The present director of the Taganka, Nikolai Gubenko, discusses Liubimov in an interview in Ogonek, 1988, 30, pp. 16–19.
Iurii Kariakin, ‘Stoit li nastupat’ na grabli? (Otkrytoe pis’mo odnomu inkognito)’, Znamia, 1987, 9, pp. 200–24.
Iurii Trifonov, ‘Vspominaia Tvardovskogo’, Ogonek, 1986, 44, pp. 21–24.
Iurii Burtin, ‘“Vam, iz drugogo pokolen’ia…”, K publikatsii poemy A. Tvardovskogo “Po pravu pamiati”’, Oktiabr’ 1987, 8, pp. 191–202.
Nataliia Il’ina, ‘Zdravstvui, plemia mladoe, neznakomoe’, Ogonek, 1988, 2, pp. 23–26.
Among the most important contributions to this debate are V. Vozdvizhenskii, ‘Pozitsiia. “Novyi mir” shestidesiatikh godov’, V mire knig 1988, 3, pp. 2–5;
S. Rassadin, ‘… Vse rasresheno?’, Ogonek, 1988, 13, pp. 6–8;
A. Sakhnin, ‘Ne brosat’sia slovami’, V. Lakshin, ‘Na tribune i doma. Otvet Arkadiiu Sakhninu’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 17, p. 15;
N. Il’ina, ‘Moi prodolzhitel’nye uroki’, Ogonek, 1988, 17, pp. 26–29;
A. Ivanov, ‘Vysoká tsena istiny’, Literaturnaia Rossiia, 1988, 18, p. 9;
M. Lobanov, ‘Posleslovie. Iz vospominanil’, Nash sovremennik, 1988, 4, pp. 154–59;
I. Dement’eva, ‘Est’ khoroshee narodnoe slovo Iunost’, 1988, 7, pp. 83–85;
S. Kuniaev, ‘Kleveta vse potriasaet…’, Molodaia gvardiia, 1988, 7, pp. 247–62.
See also B. Zaks, ‘Vokrug Tvardovskogo’, Russkaia mysl’, 3734, 1988, pp. 8–9, for an assessment of Sakhnin.
Iurii Burtin, ‘Vozmohnost’ vozrazit’. (Iz lichnogo opyta)’, Daugava, 1988, 6, pp. 66–79.
Vladimir Lakshin, ‘Ne vpast’ v bespamiatstvo. (Iz khroniki “Novogo mira” vremeni Tvardovskogo)’, Znamia, 1988, 8, pp. 210–17.
M. Chudakova, ‘O Bulgakove, i ne tol’ko o nem’, Literaturnaia gazeta, 1987, 42, p. 6. See also ‘Writer Mikhail Bulgakov and the fate of his works’, Moscow News, 1988, 5, Supplement, pp. 6–7. On recent improvements in access to State archives, see Argumenty i fakty, 1988, 38, p. 1.
M. Chudakova, ‘Vzglianut’ v litso’, in Vzgliad. Kritika. Polemika. Publikatsii, comp. A. Latynina and S. Lesnevskii, Moscow, 1988, pp. 376–404 (especially pp. 400–04). And see her contribution to the debate ‘Aktual’nye problemy izucheniia istorii russkoi sovetskoi literatury’, Voprosy literatury, 1987, 9, pp. 3–78 (Chudakova pp. 10–21).
Lev Gudkov and Boris Dubin, ‘Literaturnaia kul’tura: protsess i ratsion’, Druzhba narodov, 1988, 2, pp. 168–88, (pp. 168–71).
D. Likhachev, ‘Gor’kie mysli posle pozhara’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 12, p. 16; idem, ‘Pozhat’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 13, pp. 1, 13; ‘Chto vysvetil pozhar?’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 22, p. 5; K. Liasko, ‘Kogda rasseialsia dym’, ibid., 1988, 29, pp. 4, 15;
Iu. Zerchaninov, ‘Chto sluchilos’ v Leningrade’, Iunost’, 1988, 7, pp. 71–75.
‘Vozvrashcheno iz spetsfondov’, Sovetskaia kul’tura, 22 March 1988, p. 8. Iu. Maksimov, ‘Spetsfondy otkryvaiut dveri’, Nedelia, 1988, 25, p. 4.
G. Kuz’minov, ‘“Reabilitirovannie” knigi’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 28, p. 16.
See, for example, S. S. Averintsev, ‘Vizantiia i Rus’: dva tipa dukhovnosti’, Novyi mir, 1988, 7, pp. 210–20, 9, pp. 227–39. The analysis of the Christian past naturally differs from journal to journal.
Nikolai Karamzin, ‘Istoriia gosudarstva rossiiskogo’, in Moskva, all issues from January 1988.
On the republication of the nineteenth-century historians Karamzin, Solov’ev and Kliuchevskii, see A. Tsamutali, ‘Prava pamiati’, Zvezda, 1988, 4, pp. 201–7.
For excellent surveys of the press debate over Soviet history, see R. W. Davies, ‘Soviet History in the Gorbachev revolution’, Socialist Register 1988, ed. Ralph Miliband et al. (London: 1988), pp. 37–78;
Stephen Wheatcroft, ‘Unleashing the energy of history’, Australian Slavonic and East European Studies, 1, 1987, 1, pp. 85–132; idem., ‘Steadying the energy of history’, ibid., 1, 1987, 2, pp. 57–114.
On Stalin’s son see Nikolai Dorizo ‘Iakov Dzhugashvili, Byl’ i legenda. Tragediia’, Moskva, 1988, 2, pp. 53–62, 3, pp. 27–41. On genetics see ‘Chto im trebovalos’ dokazat’? Poslednii akt tragedii genetiki’, Teatr, 1988, 3, pp. 58–80.
On the ‘anti-cosmopolitan campaigns’ see Nataliia Dolinina, ‘Pervye uroki’, Neva, 1988, 1, pp. 37–63 (Dolinina recalls the arrest of her father, the literary scholar Grigorii Gukovskii);
and Sergei Iutkevich, ‘My s uvlecheniem nachali s’’emki’, Iskusstvo kino, 1988, 2, pp. 94–108.
On the ‘doctors’ plot’ see Iakov Rapoport, ‘Vospominaniia o “dele vrachei”’, Druzhba narodov, 1988, 4, pp. 222–45; Nataliia
Rapoport, ‘Pamiat’ — eto tozhe meditsina’, Iunost’, 1988, 4, pp. 76—81;
and Aleksandr Shtein, ‘I ne tol’ko o nem’, Teatr, 1988, 1, pp. 171–90; 2, pp. 166–85; 3, pp. 169–90 (on Boris Zbarskii).
Nikolai Shmelev, ‘Avansy i dolgi’, Novyi mir, 1987, 6, pp. 142–58; ‘Novye trevogi’, ibid., 1988, 4, pp. 160–75. On these articles see John Tedstrom, ‘Soviet economist sounds the alarm over Perestroika’, Radio Liberty Research, RL 199/88.
Vasilii Seliunin, ‘Istoki’, Novyi mir, 1988, 5, pp. 162–89. On Seliunin see Vera Tolz, ‘Soviet journalist passes verdict on Russian and Soviet history’, Radio Liberty Research, RL 244/88.
Vasilii Seliunin and Grigorii Khanin, ‘Lukavaia tsifra’, Novyi mir, 1987, 2, pp. 181–201.
Igor’ Kliamkin, ‘Kakaia ulitsa vedet k khramu?’, ibid., 1987, 11, pp. 150–88. For an assessment of Kliamkin’s approach see Teodor Shanin, ‘Which road leads to the temple?’ Detente, 11, 1988, pp. 3–6, 38.
G. I. Shmelev, ‘“Ne smet’ komandovat’!”’, Oktiabr’, 1988, 2, pp. 3–26; ‘Usloviia nashego rosta’, Znamia, 1988, 7, pp. 155–84.
Among other important contributions to the debate are ‘Pamiat’ i “Pamiat’”’, a debate about history and the present between G. I. Popov and Nikita Adzhubei, ibid., 1988, 1, pp. 188–203; N. Shemelev and V. Popov, ‘Anatomiia defitsita’, ibid., 1988, 5, pp. 158–83; O. Latsis, ‘Perelom’, ibid., 1988, 6, pp. 124–78; Anatolu Anan’ev, ‘Zemlia’, Oktiabr’, 1987, 9, pp. 3–14; V. Baliazin, ‘Vozvrashchenie’, ibid., 1988, 1, pp. 146–71 (a study of the economic theories of A. V. Chaianov).
Konstantin Simonov, ‘Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia (Razmyshleniia o I. V. Staline)’, Znamia, 1988, 3, pp. 3–66; 4, pp. 49–121; 5, pp. 69–96.
For a jaundiced reaction see Efim Etkind, ‘S chetyrekh storon ogorozhennyi’, Vremia i mir, 100, 1988, pp. 198–203. See also ‘I.V. Stalin glazami ego sovremennikov’, Literaturnyi Kirgizstan, 1987, 10, pp. 116–34, for extracts from Leon Feuchtwanger’s book, Moscow 1937 and the famous ‘Letter to Stalin’ of 17 August 1939 by Fedor Raskol’nikov.
This version of the letter is far longer than the one in V. Polikarpov, ‘Fedor Raskol’nikov’, Ogonek, 1987, 26, pp. 6–7, but omits the last half sentence (included in the Ogonek version) in which Raskol’nikov calls Stalin ‘a traitor to socialism and revolution, the chief wrecker, a true enemy of the people, organiser of the famine and the judicial forgeries.’ This sentence was restored in the third publication of the letter, in Nedelia, 1988, 26, pp. 6–7, which gives the letter in full. Raskol’nikov’s story ‘Rasskaz o poteriannom dne’ is in V mire knig, 1988, 3, pp. 59–63, his ‘Bratanie’ in Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1987, 45, pp. 8–10.
See also Riurik Ivnev, ‘Sergei Esenin i Fedor Raskol’nikov’, Literaturnyi Kirgizstan, 1988, 2, pp. 135–38.
Aleksei Adzhubei, ‘Te desiat’ let’, Znamia, 1988, 6, pp. 81–123; 7, pp. 80–133.
Mikhail Romm, ‘Chetyre vstrechi s N.S. Khrushchevym’, Ogonek, 1988, 28, pp. 6–8, 25–26.
Iurii Kariakin, ‘“Zhdanovskaia zhidkost’” ili protiv ochernitel’stva’, Ogonek, 1988, 19, pp. 25–27.
Other studies of politicians in the journals include S. Parkhomenko, ‘Prichina smerti narkoma Rykova’, Teatr, 1988, 7, pp. 156–65,
and V. Amlinskii, ‘“Na zabroshennykh grobnitsakh”’, Iunost’, 1988, 3, pp. 50–61 (on Bukharin). Bukharin’s speech at the first congress of the Union of Soviet Writers in 1934 is in Pod’’em, 1988, 7, pp. 106–34. In this area the work of the thick journals and such weeklies as Nedelia, Moskovskie novosti, Ogonek and Literaturnaia gazeta, which have carried several studies of leading politicians, is thus complementary.
Chapters from Nadezhda Mandel’shtam, ‘Vospominaniia’, Iunosl’, 1988, 8, pp. 34–61. Chapters covering the Voronezh period will be published in Pod’’em in 1989.
Evgeniia Ginzburg ‘Krutoi marshrut. Khronika vremen kul’ta lichnosti’, Daugava, 1988, 7, pp. 3–58; 8, pp. 9–64; 9, pp. 3–49, 10, pp. 3–50, 11, pp. 3–43 and following. Thirty chapters from this book also appeared in Iunost’, 1988, 9, pp. 36–67, making it accessible to an overwhelmingly larger, nationwide readership, and there are extracts in V mire knig, 1988, 12.
See Alla Latynina, ‘Pisat’ — eto bylo spasenie… Vstrecha c Lidiei Chukovskoi’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 17, p. 7. The memoirs are to appear in the journal, Neva, and in book form from the Kniga publishing house.
Sofiia Shved, ‘Vospominaniia’, Ural, 1988, 2, pp. 59–110.
Other important memoirs include those of the writer Galina Serebriakova, ‘Smerch’, Pod’’em, 1988, 7, pp. 20–72. Evgenii Gnedin, (d. 1983), foreign ministry spokesman from 1937 until his arrest in 1939, recalls the Sukhanovo monastery prison in ‘Sebia ne poteriat’ ‘, Novyi mir, 1988, 7, pp. 173–209. Ekaterina Meshcherskaia tells how she and her princess mother chose to embrace the revolutionary state, ‘Trudovoe kreshchenie’, ibid. 1988, 4, pp. 198–242.
Bukharin’s widow, Anna Larina, recalls her husband in ‘Nezabyvaemoe’, Znamia, 1988, 10, pp. 126–65; 11, pp. 112–80; 12, pp. 93–169.
Pavel Florenskii, ‘Avtobiografiia’, Nashe nasledie, 1988, 1, pp. 74–78; idem., ‘Vospominaniia’, Literaturnaia ucheba, 1988, 2, pp. 144–79; idem, ‘Vremia i prostranstvo’, Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniia, 1988, 1, pp. 100–14; idem, ‘O literature’, Voprosy literatury, 1988, 1, pp. 146–76. There are articles by Rozanov in Literaturnaia ucheba, 1988, 1, pp. 102–19; Voprosy literatury, 1988, 4, pp. 176–200; Don, 1988, 6, pp. 151–60 and Literaturnaia Rossiia, 1988, 39, pp. 18–19.
Chapters from Nikolai Berdiaev’s ‘Mirosozertsanie Dostoevskogo’ are in Volga, 1988, 10, pp. 146–63. On Berdiaev, see the interview with Iu.P. Azarov and extracts from Azarov’s novel about him, in Sovetskaia bibliografiia, 1988, 2, pp. 66–80. In its issue for June 1988, Voprosy filosofii announced the forthcoming publication of the émigré philosophers Frank, Trubetskoi and Shestov. There is to be a two-volume edition of Vladimir Solov’ev (Novye knigi, 1988, 28, no. 6a).
Chapters from Chaliapin’s ‘Maska i dusha’ are in Novyi mir, 1988, 5, pp. 199–217; 6, pp. 182–204. The songs of the guitar poets have been appearing with music, as ‘Pesni bardov’ in issues of V mire knig from April 1988. The same journal began its ‘Who is who in Western Rock Music’ series in the issue for June 1988. For extracts from Artem Troitskii’s ‘Rock in the USSR’, see Rodnik, 1988, 5, pp. 48–51; 6, pp. 48–51, etc. See also S. Dobrotvorskii, ‘Pod zvukom shestistrunnoi liry’, ibid., 1988, 6, pp. 42–46 on the ‘rock poets’.
Aleksandr Lipkov, ‘Proverka… na dorogakh’, Novyi mir, 1987, 2, pp. 202–25. See also idem, ‘Pervye uroki’, Rodnik, 1988, 3, pp. 49–51; and ‘Kino proizrastaet iz poezii’, Voprosy literatury, 1986, 12, pp. 124–56, in which German talks to T. Iensen.
E. Bokshitskaia, ‘Pouchitel’naia istoriia studenta VGIKa, a vposledstvii kinorezhissera tret’ei kategorii Aleksandra Sokurova’, Iunost’, 1987, 2, pp. 9–13.
For an interview with the new rector of VGIK, A. V. Novikov, see ‘Kino nachinaetsia s?…’, Rodnik, 1988, 3, pp. 40–41.
A. Bernshtein, ‘Dva fil’ma i 630 metrov “kul’ta”’, Ogonek, 1988, 25, pp. 10–11
Iurii Tsiv’ian, ‘Istoricheskii fil’m i dinamika vlasti: Trotskii i Stalin v sovetskom kino’, Daugava, 1988, 4, pp. 98–101. For Romm’s lectures see Moskva, 1987, 11, pp. 163–71; 12, pp. 169–74.
‘Tret’iakovka segodnia’, Dekorativnoe iskusstvo, 1988, 7, pp. 17–18. See also N. Semenova, ‘Chto zhe proiskhodit s Tret’iakovkoi?’, Literaturnaia Rossiia, 1988, 38, pp. 16–17.
On the Chagal exhibition see ‘Vozvrashchenie Rodine’, Sovetskaia muzyka, 1988, 3, pp. 73–76.
On the Filonov exhibition see Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov. Zhivopis’. Grafika. Iz sobraniia Gosudarstvennogo Russkogo muzeia. Katalog vystavki (Leningrad: 1988); and S. D. ‘Filonovskaia vystavka v Leningrade’, Russkaia mysl’, 3734, 1988, p. 13.
On the Malevich exhibition see Viktor Tsoffka, ‘Suprematist Kazimir Malevich,’ Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 9, p. 16;
and A. Pistunova, ‘Povesim kover kumachevyi…’, Literaturnaia Rossiia, 1988, 49, pp. 19–20.
M. Shagal, ‘Stikhi’, Inostrannaia literatura, 1988, 5, pp. 34–40; idem ‘Moia zhizn’’, Iunost’, 1987, 12, pp. 62–66; ‘O Marke Shagale’, V mire knig, 1987, 12, pp. 57–64; 1988, 1, pp. 36–37, 57–63.
On Filonov, see E. N. Glebova, ‘Vospominaniia o brate’, Neva, 1986, 10, pp. 148–76
and N. Troepol’skaia, ‘Formula liubvi’, V mire knig, 1987, 2, pp. 30–35;
on Larionov, S. M. Romanovich, ‘Vospominaniia o M. F. Larionove’, Pod’’em, 1988, 6, pp. 124–31;
on Rodchenko, N. Troepol’skaia, ‘“Nevedomyi” Rodchenko’, V mire knig, 1987, 11, pp. 38–43, 69;
on Malevich, S. Bychkov, ‘Iz otriada solntseliubov’, Iunost’, 1988, 7, p. 32 and illustrations.
V. Voina, ‘…i tvortsy vernutsia v otechestvo’, Nedelia, 1987, 31, pp. 20–21.
On the Bacon exhibition, see Charles Darwin, ‘Surreal encounter’, Guardian, 26 September 1988; and Giles Auty, ‘Formal fallacy’, Spectator, 1 October 1988. On modern Western art see E. Kliavin’sh, [Klavinš] ‘Poslednie desiatiletiia zapadnogo iskusstva. Kakimi oni byli?’, Rodnik, 1988, 5, pp. 33–38.
See Aleksandr Glezer, Tridstat’ let bor’by i pobed’, Strelets, 1988, 1, pp. 44–47.
The paintings of Oskar Rabin were not allowed to be shown. On a 1988 Moscow exhibition of Soviet avant-garde painters, see Iurii Nechiporenko, ‘Nad chem smeetsia avangard?’, Sobesednik, 1988, 41, p. 16.
On Sidur, see Iu. Levitanskii, ‘Pamiatnik pogibshim ot liubvi’, Iunost’, 1988, 11, pp. 87–89.
On the Sotheby’s sale, see E. Bespalova, ‘Auktsion Sotbiz: London-Moskva’, Ogonek, 1988, 26, p. 8, infix, pp. 1–4, p. 25;
and Aleksandr Glezer, ‘God pereloma’, Russkaia mysl’, 3735, 1988, p. 11, which also details other recent developments.
Il’ia Kabakov, ‘Tsypliata belye, tsypliata chernye. Sub’’ektivnye zametki’, Literaturnaia gazeta, 1987, 34, p. 8.
On Kandaurov see Jeff Gleisner, ‘Pictures at an exhibition’, Detente, 9–10, 1987, pp. 40–41.
On Sysoev see ‘Rasskazyvaet Viacheslav Sysoev’, Russkaia mysl’, 3677, 1987, p. 7; I. Shelkovskii, ‘Ekspozitsiia Viacheslava Sysoeva v Oslo’, ibid., 3691, 1987, p. 11; A. Ginzburg, ‘Kartinki s vystavki’, ibid., 3714, 1988, p. 11. The cartoon is in Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 8, p. 11. There is another cartoon by Sysoev, ibid., 1988, 31, p. 8. It is in the unmistakable style of those for which Sysoev was arrested in the Brezhnev period.
Almost exactly the same cartoon is in V. Sysoev, ‘Khodite tikho, govorite tikho’ (Paris-New York: 1983), p. 83.
On Khrushchev and Iankilevskii, see ‘V iskusstve — Stalinist’, Russkaia mysl’, 3706, 1988, p. 39. On the Ogonek Bol’shoi ballet piece, see a report by Iurii Stepanov, reprinted from the unofficial journal Referendum, no. 6, in Russkaia mysl’, 3720, 1988, p. 12. For the study of Baryshnikov, see Teatral’naia zhizn’, 1988, pp. 20–3.
Franz Kafka, Zamok, translated by Rita Wright-Kovaleva, Inostrannaia literatura, 1988, nos 1–3
Franz Kafka, Zamok, translated by G. Notkin, Neva, 1988, nos. 1–4.
Aldous Huxley, O divnyi novyi mir, Inostrannaia literatura, 1988, 4, pp. 13–126.
George Orwell, Skotnyi dvor, Rodnik, 1988, nos 3–6. Two chapters from Animal Farm appeared as ‘Skotskii ugolok’ in Nedelia, 1988, 37, pp. 22–23, Arthur Koestler, Slepiashchaia t’ma, Neva, 1988, nos 7–8.
Some of Orwell’s essays are to be published by Progress publishers; see V. Chalikova, ‘Vstrecha s Oruellom’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 21, pp. 13–14. 1984 is also in Kodry (Kishinev) 1988, 9–1989, 1.
I. S. Gol’denberg, ‘Anatomiia knizhnogo defitsita’, Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniia, 1987, 6, pp. 68–77.
Tat’iana Zhuchkova, ‘Komu povem tsifir’ svoiu?’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 23, p. 2. On the book deficit see also, for example, ‘Kak reshaetsia problema knizhnogo defitsita?’, Argumenty i fakty, 1988, 16, p. 2.
Lev Gudkov and Boris Dubin, ‘Literaturnaia kul’tura: protsess i ratsion’, Druzhba narodov, 1988, 2, pp. 168–88. It would be difficult to overestimate the value and timeliness of this analysis. In a second piece, ‘Raznost’ potentsialov’, ibid., 10, pp. 204–17, Gudkov and Dubin consider reader responses to their article.
On Cherkinskii see G. Borisov, ‘Avtorskoe izdanie; puti i puty’, Knizhnoe obozrenie, 1988, 28, p. 2. For the proposal for authorial publication, see ibid., 1988, 16, p. 2. For resistance from publishing houses, see ibid., 1988, 33, p. 4.
See, for example,’ “Limit” na podpisku’, Ogonek, 1988, 33, pp. 2–3; V. Lakshin, ‘Ob iskusstvennom defitsite’, Moskovskie novosti, 1988, 34, p. 3; A. Romanov, ‘Pressa, kotoruiu my vybivaem’, ibid., 1988, 35, pp. 4, 13.
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Graffy, J. (1989). The Literary Press. In: Graffy, J., Hosking, G.A. (eds) Culture and the Media in the USSR Today. Studies in Russia and East Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20106-8_7
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