Abstract
Chapters 6 and 7 have demonstrated that the public educational sector in Japan is characterised by higher entrance standards, lower tuition and greater lifetime earnings than the private sector, hence a higher private rate of return. Clearly it is the élite sector, in the sense of being preferred and selective. Do the various socioeconomic classes get equal access to it? Who benefits most — the rich, who usually consume a disproportionate share of higher education or the poor, who pay low taxes which may give them inexpensive access to an élite school system? Relatedly, which sector is more income-biased, the private or the public? Which has the greater impact: the price barrier that keeps the lower classes out of the private sector or the barrier stemming from cultural disadvantage, which may keep them out of the élite public sector? These turn out to be difficult and ambiguous issues to analyse.
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© 1988 Estelle James and Gail Benjamin
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James, E., Benjamin, G. (1988). Socioeconomic Distribution and Redistributional Effects of Education: Japan. In: Public Policy and Private Education in Japan. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19468-1_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19468-1_8
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-19470-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-19468-1
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