Abstract
A total of 15 cooperative housekeeping developments were erected in England between 1874 and 1925, and although the last of their communal functions disappeared in 1976, at least ten of the developments are still in use as housing (see Table 1). Many more developments were proposed,and the principles of cooperative housekeeping provoked much discussion in the press, both of cooperative homes and conventional housekeeping. Earlier chapters have detailed the efforts of pioneers of the cooperative housekeeping movement to propagate their form of domestic revolution, and it remains to assess the impact of cooperative homes on English house design and domestic life. A total of 15 experimental homes built in just over half a century does not immediately appear to constitute any form of revolution.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes and References
Ravetz, Alison (1984), ‘The Home of Woman: a View from the Interior’, Built Environment, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 8–17. See p. 14 for kitchen as distinct part of house.
Daunton, M. J. (1983), ‘Experts and the Environment’, Journal of Urban History, Feb, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 233–50. See p. 243.
Fishman, Robert (1982), Urban Utopias in the Twentieth Century, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., pp. 197, 298.
Hayden, Dolores (1981), The Grand Domestic Revolution, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., pp. 263–5.
Bouchier, David (1983), The Feminist Challenge, Macmillan, London, pp. 10–12.
See Taylor, Barbara (1983), Eve and the New Jerusalem, Virago, London, pp. 275–9 for a detailed history of Victorian feminism in England.
Giedion, Siegfried (1948), Mechanization takes Command, OUP, New York, pp. 512–13;
Ravetz, Alison (1968), ‘The Victorian Coal Kitchen and its Reformers’, Victorian Studies, June, vol. 11, pp. 435–60, see p. 460.
Cowan, Ruth Schwartz (1976), ‘Two Washes in the Morning and a Bridge Party at Night: the American Housewife between the Wars’, Women’s Studies, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 147–71, see p. 164.
Panton, Mrs J. E. (1888), From Kitchen to Garret, Ward and Downey, London, p. 4.
Enid (1911), ‘The Lady at the Round Table’, The Referee, 28 May; FGCM, cuttings 1911, p. 278. See also Peel, Mrs C. S. (1917), The Labour-saving House, John Lane, London, pp. 30–1;
Meredith, M. (1911), ‘Housing of Educated Women Workers’, The Englishwoman, Feb, vol. 9, no. 26, pp. 159–64, see p. 160.
Englishwoman’s Review of Social and Industrial Questions (1899), 15 Apr, vol. 30, pp. 133–4; Callen, Anthea (1980), Women in the Arts and Crafts Movement 1870–1914, Astragal Books, London, p. 171;
Schultz, R. Weir (1908), ‘Architecture for Women’, Architectural Review, vol. 24, pp. 153–4, see p. 153; Cohen, M. (1912), ‘Man-built houses’, The Standard, 12 March.
Gates, G. Evelyn (ed.) (1923), The Woman’s Year Book 1923–24, Women Publishers, London, pp. 313, 386, 390.
Martineau, Harriet (1983), Autobiography, vol. II, Virago, London, first pub. 1877, p. 228. The plans of Martineau’s house are held by the University of Birmingham, Harriet Martineau Papers, HM 1302, Plan of the Knoll, Ambleside.
Coatts, Margot (1983), A Weaver’s Life, Ethel Mairet 1872–1952, Crafts Council, London, pp. 37–9, 48–50.
Purdom, C. B. (1913), The Garden City, Dent, London, p. 162. The Howard Cottage Society did try to obtain a loan from the PWLB for Meadow Way Green North, but it was not considered to be working-class housing; see Chapter 6, p. Ill above.
Swenarton, Mark (1981), Homes Fit for Heroes, Heinemann Educational Books, London, p. 47.
Potter, Philip, E. S. (1983), ‘State Housing for General Needs: Policy and Practice in Birmingham 1900–1935’, unpub. M Phil thesis, University of Birmingham, p. 38; PRO RECO 1/482, Ministry of Reconstruction, Report by Mr Bryce Leicester on Public Utility Societies and Housing, Dec 1917, p. 39; Ministry of Reconstruction (1918), Housing in England and Wales, Memorandum by the advisory housing panel on the emergency problem, Cd. 9087, HMSO, London, para 14.
Potter, ‘State Housing’, p. 45; Daunton, M. J. (1983), House and Home in the Victorian City, Edward Arnold, London, pp. 294–5.
Back, Glen (1984), ‘Hard Times Arrive for the Typically British Movement’, Town and Country Planning, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 148–50, see p. 148.
Rowan, Caroline (1982), ‘“Mothers, vote Labour!” The State, the Labour Movement and Working-class Mothers, 1900–1918’, pp. 59–84 in Rosalind Brunt and Caroline Rowan (eds), Feminism, Culture and Politics, Lawrence and Wishart, London, pp. 76–7.
Ibid., p. 76; Jones, Gareth Stedman (1983), Languages of Class, CUP, Cambridge, pp. 217–19.
Phillips, Marion (1918), The Labour Woman ‘Co-operative Housekeeping and Housing Reform’, Feb, vol. 5, no. 22, pp. 255–6. See above, Chap. 8, p. 137.
Furniss, A. D. Sanderson and Phillips, Marion (1920), The Working Woman’s House, Swarthmore Press, London, pp. 18–26.
Wornum, G. Grey (1931), ‘Modern Flats’, RIBA Journal, 2 May, vol. 38, no. 13, pp. 435–55. See discussion, p. 454.
Burnett, John (1980), A Social History of Housing 1815–1970, Methuen, London, pp. 138–52.
Stamp, Gavin (1981), ‘Sources of Traditionalism in British Architecture: the English House 1860–1914’, International Architect, vol. 1, no. 6 (issue 6), pp. 35–42, see p. 39;
Sutcliffe, Anthony (1984), ‘Anglo-French Perspectives on the Creation and Experience of the Domestic Environment’, Planning History Bulletin, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 18–32, see p. 22.
Gaskell, S. Martin (1974), ‘A Landscape of Small Houses: the Failure of the Workers Flat in Lancashire and Yorkshire in the Nineteenth Century’, pp. 88–121 in Anthony Sutcliffe (ed.), Multi-storey Living, Croom Helm, London, p. 114.
Thomas, Keith (1983), Man and the Natural World, Allen Lane, London, pp. 243–54;
Wiener, Martin J. (1981), English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit 1850–1980, CUP, Cambridge, pp. 46–64.
Muthesius, Hermann (1979), The English House, Crosby Lockwood Staples, London (first pub. 1904), p. 7.
Thomas, Percy (1937), ‘Presentation to Sir Raymond Unwin of the Royal Gold Meda’, RÎBA Journal, 24 April, vol. 44, no. 12, pp. 581–2, see p. 581.
Hardy, Dennis (1979), Alternative Communities in Nineteenth-century England, Longman, London, p. 2; see also
Armytage, W. H. G. (1961), Heavens Below, RKP, London.
Hardy, Alternative Communities, pp. 9–11; Darley, Gillian (1978), Villages of Vision, Granada, St Albans, pp. 122–47.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1988 Lynn F. Pearson
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pearson, L.F. (1988). The Rise and Fall of the Cooperative Housekeeping Movement. In: The Architectural and Social History of Cooperative Living. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19122-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19122-2_10
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-19124-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-19122-2
eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)