Abstract
Economic stagnancy and growing population makes almost impossible the problem of maintaining ethnic and religious harmony. The situation becomes more serious when the state is expected to provide employment and to place at the disposal of the population numerous welfare services which its resources can scarcely afford to sustain. The political consequences of tampering with these services are so explosive that most governments have desisted from resorting to such measures.
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Notes
See N. Balakrishnan and H. M. Gunasekera, ‘A Review of Demographic Trends’ in K. M. de Silva (ed.), Sri Lanka: A Survey (London, 1977), p. 114.
See National Planning Council, The Ten-Year Plan (Colombo, 1959), p. 19, Table V (Workforce Projections, 1956–81). For further information see
Central Bank of Ceylon, Survey of Ceylon’s Consumer Finances, 1963 (Colombo, 1964), ‘Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Under-Employment in Ceylon 1959–60’, International Labour Review (March 1963), Report to the Government of Ceylon on Rural Employment Problems (ILO : Geneva, 1965),
R. K. Srivastava, S. Selvaratnam and V. Ambalavanar, Unemployment in Ceylon-A Possible Line of Action, Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs (November 1967) and
R. K. Srivastava, S. Selvaratnam and A. T. P. L. Abeykoon, Ceylon Labour Force Projections 1968–78, Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs (October 1968). For a recent detailed analysis refer to International Labour Office, The Report of an Inter-Agency Team, Matching Employment Opportunities and Expectations: A Programme of Action for Ceylon (Geneva, 1971), International Labour Office, The Technical Papers of an Inter-Agency Team, Matching Employment Opportunities and Expectations: A Programme of Action for Ceylon (Geneva, 1971).
P. V. J. Jayasekera, ‘Sri Lanka in 1976: Changing Strategies and Confrontation,’ Asian Survey, Vol. 17, No. 2 (1977), p. 209.
I.L.O. Matching Employment Opportunities and Expectations: A Programme of Action for Ceylon (Geneva, 1971’), p. 28.
B. Hewavitharana, ‘The Management of External and Internal Finances in Sri Lanka’, Asian Survey, Vol. XIII, No. 12 (1973), pp. 1137–1154.
See N. Amerasinghe, ‘An Overview of Settlement Schemes in Sri Lanka’, Asian Survey, Vol. XVI, No. 7 (1976), p. 629.
See L. De Silva, ‘A Critical Evaluation of Agricultural Policy 1960–68’, p. 97 in Staff Studies, Central Bank of Ceylon, Vol. 1, No. 1 (April 1971). Note, a survey carried out by the Investigation Unit of the Water Resources Board reported that paddy lands ‘are owned by peasants in several isolated parcels, varying in sizes, located not at one place but at several different places under the same scheme’ and it recorded an instance where 2,176½ acres were owned and occupied by 815 owners in 3,641 different parcels, and of this, more than one-third (750 acres) remained uncultivated. See I. Collonege, ‘Land Fragmentation: A Solution’, in Ceylon Daily News, 11 April 1971. See also
G. Obeyesekere, Land Tenure in Village Ceylon (Cambridge, 1967) for an account of the joint ownership of land prevalent in southern Sri Lanka.
See D. S. Senanayake, Agriculture and Patriotism (Colombo, Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Limited, 1935). C. P. de Silva made the remarks referred to in conversations with politicians and civil servants.
Planning Secretariat, Six Year Programme of Investment 1954/55–1959/60 (Colombo, 1955), pp. 240–1. See also
I.B.R.D., The Economic Development of Ceylon (Colombo, 1952), Vols. I and II.
N. S. Karunatilake, ‘Recent Developments in the Economy and their Impact on Ceylon’s Industrialisation’, in Industrial Development Board, Research and Industry (Colombo, 1970), p. 37.
Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs, Government Policy on Private Foreign Investment (Colombo, 1966).
See N. M. Perera, Budget Speech 1970–71, p. 35. Also, N. M. Perera, The Economy of Ceylon: Trends and Prospects (Government of Ceylon, November 1971) (mimeographed), pp. 23–33.
See I.B.R.D., Report of the Prospects for Tourist Development in Ceylon (Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs, Colombo, March 1968).
See Central Bank of Ceylon, Annual Report 1976, Budget Speech 1977 and Ceylon Daily News, 19 January 1978.
T. B. Ilangaratna, Economic and Social Progress 1956–62 (Supplement to the Budget Speech 1963) (Colombo, 1963), p. 57.
Donald R. Snodgrass, Ceylon: An Export Economy in Transition (Illinois, 1966), p. 110.
Felix Dias Bandaranaike (Minister of Finance), The Budget and Economic Development (Colombo, 1961), pp. 9 and 13.
See I.B.R.D. and I.D.A., The Problem of Foreign Exchange and Long-Term Growth of Ceylon (Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs; Colombo, January 1968), paragraph 11.
See I.B.R.D. and I.D.A., Recent Economic Trends in Ceylon (Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs, Colombo, September 1966), paragraph 44. Also, The Development Programme 1966–67 (Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs, Colombo, July 1966), pp. 1–9.
Ministry of Planning and Employment, The Five Year Plan 1972–1976 (Colombo, November 1971).
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© 1979 A. Jeyaratnam Wilson
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Wilson, A.J. (1979). Economic and Social Progress. In: Politics in Sri Lanka, 1947–1979. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17718-9_3
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