Abstract
The idea of democracy which the Muslim world has today originated in the Western world. Surprisingly, it emanated from the leaders of the revolt against the power and influence of the Roman Catholic Church in the Middle Ages. In fact men such as Jean Calvin and John Knox dealt with themes which showed the importance of individualism, egalitarianism and freedom against Church authority. Martin Luther’s Protestantism itself contributed a lot to the development of democratic ideology by its emphasis on the individual’s freedom of conscience.
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Notes
John Locke, Treatise on Civil Government, quoted in The Western Political Heritage, ed. W. Y. Elliott et al. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1957) p. 569.
Jean Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract, trs. and ed. G. D. M. Cole (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1950) pp. 94–6.
See also J. P. Plamanatz, Mills’s Utilitarianism (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1949);
L. Stephens, The English Utilitarians, 3 vols (New York: P. Smith, 1950).
M. Zetterbaum, Tocqueville and the Problem of Democracy (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1967).
See Khalid M. Khalid, From Here We Start (Washington, D.C.: American Council of Learned Societies, 1953).
G. P. Means, ‘Malaysia’, in Politics and Modernization in South and South East Asia, ed. R. N. Kearney (New York: John Wiley, 1975) p. 177.
B. N. Cham, ‘Class and Communal Conflict in Malaysia’, Journal of Contemporay Asia, vol. 5, no. 4 (1975) PP. 457–58.
See M. Rashiduzzaman, ‘The Awami League in the Political Development of Pakistan’, Asian Survey, vol. 10, no. 7 (July 1970) pp. 574–87.
Also see T. Maniruzzaman, ‘Bangladesh: an Unfinished Revolution’, Journal of Asian Studies, vol. 34, no. 4 (Aug 1975) pp. 891–991.
M. Obaidul Haq, ‘The New Ideology: Key to Nation-building in Bangladesh’, Asian Profile, vol. 3, no. 3 (June 1975) p. 310.
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© 1984 Asaf Hussain
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Hussain, A. (1984). Democracy. In: Political Perspectives on the Muslim World. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17529-1_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17529-1_13
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