Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Early Medieval Spain pp 11–31Cite as

The Emergence of a New Order

  • Chapter

  • 26 Accesses

Part of the book series: New Studies in Medieval History ((SEURH))

Abstract

The ‘Fall of the Roman Empire’, in the sense that a coherent and unified system of military and civil administration covering most of western Europe and North Africa, which was in being at the beginning of the fifth century had ceased to exist by its close, was a process scarcely perceived by those who lived through it. In place of the universal dominion of the emperor, Germanic kings and their followers, partly by force and partly by agreements, set up realms having a rough correspondence to the military divisions of the former Empire. These kingdoms were in some cases, notably that of the Franks in Gaul, to last for centuries and help to mould the future political and social geography of western Europe. Although the process of transition was at times and in places violent and destructive, reactions to it were generally limited and localised, and more often marked by co-operation between the Roman provincials and their new masters, than by resistance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Augustine, De Civitate Dei I passim, ed. C. Tauchnitz, (Leipzig, 1877) pp. 3–38.

    Google Scholar 

  2. A.H.M. Jones, The Later Roman Empire, 3 vols (Oxford, 1964) pp. 756–7, 774–5, 777–8;

    Google Scholar 

  3. R. Thouvenot, ‘Salvian and the Ruin of the Roman Empire’, Antiquity, viii (1934) pp. 315–27.

    Google Scholar 

  4. S. Mazzarino, The End of the Ancient World (Eng. tr. London, 1966) chs 1 and 4.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Sidonius Apollinaris, Poems and Letters, 2 vols, ed. and tr. W.B. Anderson (Loeb Library, 1936); see especially his description of the court of the Visigothic king Theoderic II, ep. 1.2, vol. I, pp. 334–45.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Orosius (Bibliog. A2-a) prologue, pp.3–5.

    Google Scholar 

  7. J.F. Matthews, ‘Olympiodorus of Thebes and the History of the West (AD407–425)’, Journal of Roman Studies, LX (1970), pp. 79–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Orosius (Bibliog. A2-a) vii. 40, pp.356–7; Zosimus (A2-a) v.27, p.222; Olympiodorus (A2-a), pp. 30–1.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Orosius (A2-a) vil. 40, p. 356; Zosimus v. 43, vi.1 and 5.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Orosius (A2-a) vii. 40, p.357; Hydatius (B2-a) 42, p. 114.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Orosius (A2-a) vil. 42, p.359; Olympiodorus (A2-a), pp. 36–7; Gregory of Tours, Historiarum Libri Decem 11.9, ed. B. Krusch and W. Levison, M.G.H., S.R.G. I (new edition, Hanover, 1951), tr. O.M. Dalton (Oxford, 1927) vol. 11 p. 52.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Olympiodorus (A2—a), p.36; Hydatius (B2—a) 48, p. 116.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Orosius (A2—a) vit. 40, p.357; E.A. Thompson, ‘The End of Roman Spain’ (A2—a), pt. I, pp. 18–28.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Orosius vii. 42, p. 359.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Olympiodorus (A2—a), pp. 40–2.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hydatius (B2—a) 77, p. 124; Chronica Gallica 107, ed. T. Mommsen, M.G.H., A.A. ix, p. 658.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hydatius (B2—a) 91, p. 130.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hydatius (B2—a) 111–75, pp. 134–56.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Hydatius (B2—a) 96, p.130.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Hydatius (B2—a) 91, 96, 100 (Galicia); 137, 142 (the North East); 119, 123 (Lusitania and Baetica), pp. 130, 132, 136, 138, 142.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hydatius (B2—a) 137, p.142.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Hydatius (B2—a) 134, p. 140.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hydatius (B2—a) 168, p.152.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hydatius (B2—a) 175, p.156.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Hydatius (B2—a) 181, 188, 190, 193, 195, 198 (Maldras); 139,180,187 (Agiulf); 188, 189 (Framtane); 193, 202–3, 219 (Rechimund); 201, 203, 223 (Frumarius); 220, 223, 226, 233, 237, 238, 251 (Remismund).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hydatius (B2—a) 186, 192, pp. 158, 160.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Chronica Gallica A DXI 651–2, ed. T. Mommsen, M.G.H., A.A. Ix (Berlin, 1892), pp.664–5.

    Google Scholar 

  28. See the discussion in W. Goffart, Barbarians and Romans AD418–584: The Techniques of Accommodation, (Princeton, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  29. J. Vives, Inscripciones Christians de la Espana Romana y Visigoda (B4—b) no. 363, pp. 126–7.

    Google Scholar 

  30. E.A. Lowe, Codices Latini Antiquiores, no. 626 (Paris B.N. lat. 12161), editions by K. Zeumer and A. d’Ors (B2—b).

    Google Scholar 

  31. L.V. ILi.S;

    Google Scholar 

  32. A. d’Ors, El. Côdigo de Eurico (Rome and Madrid, 1960) pp. 47–281;

    Google Scholar 

  33. see also R.J.H. Collins, ‘Theodebert I, Rex Magnus Francorum’ in P. Wormald (ed.), Ideal and Reality in the Early Middle Ages, (Oxford, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Isidore, H.G. 51 (A2—b), p. 24; (B2—b), p.288.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Due to appear as Estudios Visigoticos IV: El Côdigo de Leovigildo, ed. R. Gibert, in Cuadernos del Instituto Juridico Espanol en Roma.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Codex Euricanus (B2—b) 277 and 305, ed. Zeumer pp. 5 and 16.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Cf. C.P. Wormald, ‘Lex Scripta and Verbum Regis’ in P.H. Sawyer and I.N. Wood (eds), Early Medieval Kingship, (Leeds, 1977) p. 129. The reference in Sidonius’s Epistle VIII.iii is surely a topos.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Isidore, H.G. 35 (A2—b), p. 17; (B2—b), p.281.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Cf. J.M. Wallace-Hadrill, The Long-Haired Kings, (London, 1962) pp. 179–81.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Lex Gundobada constitutio I.3, ed. L.R. de Salis, M.G.H., Leges n.i (Hanover, 1892).

    Google Scholar 

  41. A. d’Ors, El Côdigo de Eurico (B2—b), pp. 2–12.

    Google Scholar 

  42. W. Ashburner, ‘The Farmer’s Law’, Journals of Hellenic Studies, xxxi (1912) pp. 87–95; Greek Text ibid. xxx (1910) pp. 97–108.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Codex Euricanus (B2—b) 335, ed. Zeumer, p. 27.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Edictum Theodorici Regis, ed. J. Baviera in Fontes Iuris Romani Anteiustiniani II (Florence, 1968) pp. 684–710.

    Google Scholar 

  45. A controversial attempt to attribute it to the Visigothic king Theoderic II is found in G. Vismara, ‘El Edictum Theodorici’, Estudios Visigôticos i, (Rome and Madrid, 1956) pp. 49–89.

    Google Scholar 

  46. A.H.M. Jones, The Later Roman Empire 3 vols (Oxford, 1964) p. 473.

    Google Scholar 

  47. M.J. Hunter, ‘The Gothic Bible’ in Cambridge History of the Bible, II (Cambridge, 1969) pp. 338–62, 525–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Acta edited by C. de Clercq in Corpus Christianorum Series Latina, CXLVIII (Turnholt, 1963) pp. 189–228.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Roger Collins
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Copyright information

© 1983 Roger Collins

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Collins, R. (1983). The Emergence of a New Order. In: Early Medieval Spain. New Studies in Medieval History. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17261-0_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17261-0_2

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-333-26283-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-349-17261-0

  • eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation