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The role of society and the state

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Child Health in a Changing Environment

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Abstract

All religious teaching has emphasised the need for social concern and in many countries the development of the welfare system has stemmed from the activities of religious bodies. Thus, for example, the beginnings of British social policy can be found in Elizabethan Poor Laws which remained virtually unchanged until the Napoleonic Wars. The Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 was described by Edwin Chadwick as ‘the first great piece of legislation based upon scientific or economical principles’.1 Since then there have been a variety of milestones building constructively on the past in Britain, namely, the 1911 National Insurance Act, the 1944 Education Act and the 1946 National Health Service Act. These developments also emphasise the key theme in the evolution of social policy in many countries, namely ‘disjointed incrementalism’ instead of rational forward planning. This process has resulted in the piling of new initiatives on top of older policies without ever clearing the ground for a fresh start.2

…Of course there will never cease to be poor in the land; I command you therefore: Always be open-handed with your brother, and with anyone in your country who is in need and poor.

Deuteronomy.

[But it is righteousness] to spend of your substance… for your kin, for orphans, for the needy, for the wayfarer, for those who ask and for the ransom of slaves.

Qur’an, Chapter 2, verse 177.

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  1. G J Ebrahim
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© 1982 World Health Organisation

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Ebrahim, G.J. (1982). The role of society and the state. In: Child Health in a Changing Environment. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17031-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17031-9_6

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-333-34258-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-349-17031-9

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