Abstract
The development of psychological services for children began in 1909 when William Healy, a psychiatrist, set up the Juvenile Psychopathic Institute in Chicago. This agency dealt primarily with the problem of delinquency and was staffed by a team of psychiatrists, social workers and psychologists. By the 1920s the multi-disciplinary team approach to the problems of childhood was further developed through the establishment of ‘child guidance clinics’ in America. These clinics expanded the range of interest to include delinquency, mental retardation, neurological problems and personality disorders. At this time developmental problems were seen as having either a physiological, medical basis, or as the consequence of emotional disturbance. The emergence of Freud’s psychoanalytic model of child development offered clinicians an alternative to the medical approach which gave rise to the specialism of child psychotherapy.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Angeli, E. and Kirman, B.H. (1971) Genetic Counselling. Proceedings of the 2nd Congress of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Mental Deficiency; Warsaw, 1970. Warsaw: Polish Medical Publishers.
Anthony J., Koupernik, C. and Chiland, C. (1978) The Child in His Family. Vulnerable Children, Volume 4. New York: Wiley.
Arnold, J.E., Levine, A.G. and Patterson, G.R. (1975) Changes in sibling behavior following family intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43, 683–688.
Bandura, A. and Walters, R.H. (1963) Social Learning and Personality Development. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Bartak, L., Rutter, M. and Cox, A. (1975) A comparative study of infantile autism and specific developmental receptive language disorder. I. The children. British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 127–145.
Becker, W.C., Peterson, D.R., Hellmer, L.A., Shoemaker, D.J. and Quay, H.C. (1959) Factors in parental behavior and personality as related to problem behaviour in children. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 23, 107–118.
Bender, L. (1955) Twenty years of clinical research on schizophrenic children with special reference to those under six years of age. In G. Caplan (ed.), Emotional Problems of Early Childhood. New York: Basic Books.
Bettelheim, B. (1967) The Empty Fortress. New York: Free Press.
Binet, A. and Simon, T. (1905) Méthodes Nouvelles pour le Diagnostic du Niveau Intellectuel des Anormeaux. L’Année Psychologique, 11, 191–244.
Bower, T.G.R. (1974) Development in Infancy. San Francisco: Freeman.
Bowlby, J. (1951) Maternal Care and Mental Health. Geneva: WHO.
Bruner, J.S. (1975) The ontogenesis of speech acts. Journal of Child Language, 2, 1–19.
Chomsky, N. (1959) Review of Verbal Behavior by B. F. Skinner. Language, 35, 26–58.
Condon, W.S. and Sander, L.W. (1974) Neonate movement is synchronized with adult speech. Science, 183, 99–101.
Cooper, J., Moodley, M. and Reynell, J. (1978) Helping Language Development. London: Arnold.
Cox, A., Rutter, M., Newman, S. and Bartak, L. (1975) A comparative study of infantile autism and specific developmental receptive language disorder: II. Parental characteristics. British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 146–159.
Crystal, D., Fletcher, P. and Garman, M. (1976) The Grammatical Analysis of Language Disability. A procedure in assessment and remediation. London: Arnold.
Cullen, C., Hattersley, J. and Tennant, L. (1977) Behaviour modification - some implications of a radical behaviourist view. Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 30, 65–68.
Davison, G.C. and Neale, J.M. (1978) Abnormal Psychology (2nd edn). New York: Wiley.
Doll, E. (1953) Measurement of Social Competence: A manual for the Vineland Social Maturity Scale. Circle Pines, Minn.: American Guidance Service, Inc.
Donaldson, M. (1978) Children’s Minds. London: Fontana.
Ervin-Tripp, S. (1971) Social backgrounds and verbal skills. In R. Huxley and D. Ingram (eds), Language Acquisition: Models and methods. New York: Academic Press.
Ferster, C.B. (1974) The difference between behavioral and conventional psychology. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 159, 153–157.
Ferster, C.B. and De Meyer, M.K. (1961) The development of performances in autistic children in an automatically controlled environment. Journal of Chronic Disease, 13, 312–345.
Folstein, S. and Rutter, M. (1977) Genetic influences and infantile autism. Nature, 265, 726.
Fraser, G.M. and Blockley, J. (1973) The Language Disordered Child. Windsor: NFER.
Gelfand, D.M. and Hartmann, D.P. (1975) Child Behaviour: Analysis and therapy. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Graham, P.J. (1979) Epidemiological Studies. In H.C. Quay and J.S. Werry (eds), Psychopathological Disorders of Childhood (2nd edn). New York: Wiley.
Hart, B. (1980) Pragmatics and language development. In B.B. Lahey and A.E. Kazdin (eds), Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, Volume 3. New York: Plenum.
Heber, R. (ed.) (1961) A manual on the terminology and classification in mental retardation (2nd edn). American Journal of Mental Deficiency, Monograph Supplement.
Kagan, J. and Moss, H.A. (1962) Birth to Maturity. New York: Wiley.
Kallman, F. and Roth, B. (1956) Genetic aspects of preadolescent schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 112, 599–606.
Kanner, L. (1943) Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250.
Kamter, L. (1971) Follow up study of 11 autistic children originally reported in 1943. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1, 119–145.
Kanner, L. and Eisenberg, L. (1955) Psychopathology of Childhood. New York: Grune & Stratton.
Kiernan, C.C. and Woodford, F.P. (eds) (1975) Behavior Modification with the Severely Retarded. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Kirk, A. and Kirk, W.D. (1972) Psycholinguistic Learning Disabilities, Diagnosis and Remediation. Ill.: University of Illinois Press.
Koluchova, J. (1972) Severe deprivation in twins: a case study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 13, 107–114.
Lenneberg, E. (1967) Biological Foundations of Language. New York: Wiley.
Martin, B. (1975) Parent child relations. In F.D. Horowitz, E.M. Hetherington, S. Scarr-Salapatek and G.M. Siegel (eds), Review of Child Development Research, Volume 4. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Moore, C. and Shiek, D. (1971) Toward a theory of early infantile autism. Psychological Review, 78, 451–456.
Nelson, K. (1973) Structure and strategy in learning to talk. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 38, 1–135.
Newson, J. and Newson, E. (1975) Intersubjectivity and the transmission of culture: on the social origins of symbolic functioning. Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 28, 437–446.
Nordquist, V.M. and Whaler, R.G. (1973) Naturalistic treatment of an autistic child. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 61, 79–87.
Ornitz, E. and Ritvo, E. (1976) The syndrome of autism: a critical review. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2, 609–621.
Patterson, G.R. (1974) Interventions for boys with conduct problems: multiple settings, treatments and criteria. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 471–481.
Piaget, J. (1929) The Child’s Conception of the World. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Quay, H.C. (1979) Classification. In H.C. Quay and J.S. Werry (eds), Psychopathological Disorders of Childhood (2nd edn). New York: Wiley.
Rees, N.S. (1978) Pragmatics of language: applications to normal and disordered language development. In R.L. Schiefelbusch (ed.), Bases of Language Intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press.
Reese, H.W. and Overton, W.F. (1970) Models of development and theories of development. In L.R. Goulet and P.B. Baltes (eds), Life-span Developmental Psychology. New York: Academic Press.
Reynell, J. (1976) Assessment of language development. In B. Tanner (ed.), Language and Communication in General Practice. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
Rimland, B. (1964) Infantile Autism. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Rimland, B. (1974) Infantile autism: status and research. In A. Davids (ed.), Child Personality and Psychopathology: Current topics. Volume 1. New York: Wiley.
Robins, L.N. (1979) Follow-up Studies. In H.C. Quay and J.S. Werry (eds), Psychopathological Disorders of Childhood (2nd edn). New York: Wiley.
Rutter, M. (1966) Prognosis: psychotic children in adolescence and early adult life. In L. Wing (ed.), Childhood Autism: Clinical, educational and social aspects. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Rutter, M. (1971) Infantile Autism: Concepts, characteristics and treatment. Edinburgh: Churchill-Livingstone.
Rutter, M. (1972) Maternal Deprivation Reassessed. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Rutter, M. (1974) The development of infantile autism. Psychological Medicine, 4, 147–163.
Rutter, M. (1979) Maternal deprivation. New findings, new concepts and new approaches. Child Development, 50, 283–305.
Rutter, M. (1980) Emotional development. In M. Rutter (ed.), Scientific Foundations of Developmental Psychiatry. London: Heinemann Medical.
Rutter, M., Quinton, D. and Yule, W. (1977) Family Pathology and Disorder in Children. Chichester: Wiley.
Rutter, M., Shaffer, D. and Shepherd, M. (1975) A Multi-axial Classification System of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders. Geneva: WHO.
Salinger, K. (1978) Language behaviour. In A.C. Catania and T.A. Brigham (eds), Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis: Social and instructional processes. New York: Irvington.
Schaffer, H.R. (1974) Behavioural synchrony in infancy. New Scientist, 62, 16–18.
Seligman, M.E.P. (1974) Depression and learned helplessness. In R.J. Friedman and H.H. Katz (eds), The Psychology of Depression: Contemporary theory and research. Washington: Winston-Wiley.
Shields, J. and Slater, E. (1961) Heredity and psychological abnormality. In H.J. Eysenck (ed.), Handbook of Abnormal Psychology. New York: Basic Books.
Skinner, B.F. (1957) Verbal Behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Spradlin, J. (1963) Assessment of speech and language in retarded children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, Monograph Supplement, 10.
Stott, D.H. (1974) Bristol Social Adjustment Guides. London: University of London Press.
Turner, J. (1980) Made for Life. London: Methuen.
Wender, P. (1971) Minimal Brain Dysfunction in Children. New York: Wiley.
Werry, J.S. (1979) Organic factors. In H.C. Quay and J.S. Werry (eds), Psychopathological Disorders of Childhood (2nd edn). New York: Wiley.
Wing, L. (1970) The syndrome of early childhood autism. British Journal of Medicine, 3, 381–392.
World Health Organization (1978) International Classification of Diseases (ICD 9). Geneva: WHO.
Yule, W. and Carr, J. (1980) Behaviour Modification for the Mentally Handicapped. London: Croom-Helm.
Annotated reading
Furneaux, B. (1981) The Special Child (3rd edn). Harmondsworth: Penguin. A comprehensive account of the educational needs of special children (subnormal, slow learners, autistic and language-handicapped).
Miller, G.A. (1981) Language and Speech. Oxford: Freeman. A readable account of contemporary research on human communication.
Mittler, P. (1970) The Psychological Assessment of Mental and Physical Handicaps. London: Methuen. An excellent introduction to the areas of assessment and treatment for the entire range of clinical practice.
Müller, D.J., Munro, S. and Code, C. (1981) Language Assessment for Remediation. London: Croom Helm. An invaluable book for the speech therapist. A wide range of assessment techniques are discussed by the authors with an emphasis on practical applications.
Quay, H.C. and Werry, J.S. (1979) Psychopathological Disorders of Childhood (2nd edn). New York: Wiley. This text provides both an introduction and detailed reviews of major topics in clinical child psychology. Classification, psychoses, assessment, behaviour therapy, epidemiology and follow-up studies are treated in depth.
Rutter, M. and Hersov, L. (1977) Child Psychiatry. Modern approaches. Oxford: Blackwell. Perhaps the best modern text on child psychiatry from two leading practitioners. This comprehensive text covers all the major types of childhood difficulties and offers useful accounts of developmental theories and intervention strategies.
Yule, W. and Carr, J. (1980) Behaviour Modification for the Mentally Handicapped. London: Croom Helm. This very readable account of behavioural intervention with the mentally handicapped is written by two practitioners with considerable experience in training parents and teachers in the principles of behaviour modification.
Copyright information
© 1982 The British Psychological Society
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Purser, H. (1982). Clinical Child Psychology. In: Psychology for Speech Therapists. Psychology for Professional Groups. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16746-3_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16746-3_5
Publisher Name: Palgrave, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-31885-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-16746-3
eBook Packages: Palgrave Religion & Philosophy CollectionPhilosophy and Religion (R0)