Abstract
Together with the German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia is the most industrially developed and Westernised of the countries under communist rule. Largely because of their strategically sensitive location, the Czech lands of Bohemia and Moravia have a long and crisis-ridden history. More than four centuries of independence came to an end with the defeat of the Czech nobility at the battle of the White Mountain in 1620. Thereafter the Czechs were absorbed into the Hapsburg Empire and became an important part of its successor, the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The collapse of Austria—Hungary in the wake of the First World War opened the way to the realisation of Czech nationalist aspirations for independence, which had steadily grown over the previous half century. The Paris Peace Conference created a new Czechoslovak state, incorporating the Czechs with the less numerous and economically and culturally less developed Slovaks, who had experienced a millennium of harsh Hungarian rule.1
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© 1981 Bogdan Szajkowski
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Pravda, A. (1981). Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. In: Szajkowski, B. (eds) Marxist Governments. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16566-7_2
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