Skip to main content

Towards Effective Training of Clinical Supervisors

  • Chapter
Clinical Supervision in Practice

Abstract

Despite a broad consensus that clinical supervision is essentially a psycho-educational activity, very little has been written to date by nurse teachers about how best to prepare practitioners for its more widespread implementation. This chapter describes some of the contextual issues relating to practitioner knowledge and nurse education, and their application to effective clinical supervision practices. Focus is on the educational requirements of both supervisees and of supervisors, and some specific suggestions are offered on how such training could be managed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Argyris, C. and Schon, D. A. 1978 Organisational Learning. London: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashton, P. and Richardson, G. 1992 Preceptorship and PREP. British Journal of Nursing 1(1): 143–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atkins, S. and Murphy, K. 1993 Reflection: a review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing 18(18): 1188–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Balint, E., Courtenay, M., Elder, A., Hull, S. and Julian, P. 1993 The Doctor, the Patient and the Group. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barber, P. 1988 Learning to grow: the necessity for educational processing in the therapeutic community practice. International Journal of Therapeutic Communities 9: 101–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barker, P. and Davidson, B. 1997 Psychiatric Nursing: Ethical Strife. London: Edward Arnold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benner, P. and Wrubel, J. 1982 Skilled clinical knowledge; the values of perceptual awareness. Nurse Educator May/June: 11–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Booth, K. 1992 Providing support and reducing stress: a review of the literature. In: Butterworth, T and Faugier, J. (eds) Clin-ical Supervision and Mentorship in Nursing. London: Chapman Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowman, M. P. 1986 Nursing Management and Education: A Concep-tual Approach to Change. London: Croom-Helm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bramley, W. 1996 The Supervisory Couple in Broad Spectrum Psychotherapy. London: Free Association Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, J. 1997 Psychiatric nursing and the myth of altruism. In: Barker, P. and Davidson, B. (eds) Psychiatric Nursing: Ethical Strife, London: Edward Arnold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnard, P. 1987 Towards an epistemological basis for nurse education. Journal of Advanced Nursing 12: 189–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burnard, P. 1995 Learning Human Skills. An Experiential and Reflective Guide for Nurses, 3rd edn. London: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth, T 1992 Clinical supervision as an emerging idea in nursing. In: Butterworth, T and Faugier, J. (eds) Clinical Supervision and Mentorship in Nursing. London: Chapman & Hall.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth, T and Faugier, J. (1992) Clinical Supervision and Mentorship in Nursing. London: Chapman & Hall.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth, T, Bishop, V. and Carson, J. 1996 First steps towards evaluating clinical supervision in nursing and health visiting: theory, policy and practice developments. Journal of Clinical Nursing 5: 127–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carpio, B.A. and Mujumdar, B. 1993 Experiential learning: an approach to transcultural education for nursing. Journal of Trans-cultural Nursing 4: 4–11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, M. 1996 Counselling Supervision. Theory, Skills and Practice. London: Cassell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, G.E. 1984 A therapeutic community, psychosocial nursing and the nursing process. International Journal of Therapeutic Communities 5: 68–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conway, J. 1994 Reflection, the art and science of nursing and the theory—practice gap. British Journal of Nursing 3(3): 114–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dartington, A. 1994 Where angels fear to tread — idealism, despondency, and inhibition in thought in hospital nursing. In: Obholzer, A. and Roberts, V.Z. (eds) The Unconscious at Work. Individual and Organisational Stress in the Human Services. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ernst, S. and Goodison, L. 1981 In Our Own Hands: A Book of Self Help Therapy. London: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fabricius, J. 1991 Running on the spot or can nursing really change. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 5(5): 97–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fabricius, J. 1995 Psychoanalytic understanding and nursing — a supervisory workshop with nurse tutors. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 9: 17–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faugier, J. 1992 The supervisory relationship in clinical supervision. In: Butterworth, T and Faugier, J. (eds) Clinical Supervision and Mentorship in Nursing. London: Chapman & Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faugier, J. and Butterworth, T. 1995 Clinical supervision: a position paper. In: Clinical Supervision — a Resource Pack. London: NHS Management Executive.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franks, V., Watts, M. and Fabricius, J. 1994 Interpersonal learning in groups: an investigation. Journal of Advanced Nursing 20: 1162–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, J. 1993 Reflective practice: a critique of the work of Argyris and Schon. Journal of Advanced Nursing 18(18): 1183–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood J. 1994 Action research: a few details, a caution and something new. Journal of Advanced Nursing 20(20): 13–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, E. 1996 Action research as a professionalising strategy. Journal of Advanced Nursing 23: 454–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkins, P. and Shohet, R. 1989 Supervision in the Helping Professions. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heron, J. 1974 The Peer Learning Community. Guildford: University of Surrey Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heron, J. 1978 Project for a Self-generating Culture. Guildford: University of Surrey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heron, J. 1992 Feeling and Personhood. Psychology in Another Key. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heron, J. 1996 Quality as primacy of practical. Qualitative Inquiry 2(2): 41–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hooker, J.C. 1991 Change and nursing in the United Kingdom. Journal of Advanced Nursing 16: 253–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • James, D.C. 1994 Holding and containing in the group and in society. In: Brown, D. and Zinkin, L.M. (eds) The Psyche and the Social World. Developments in Group Analytic Theory. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarvis, P. 1993 Quality in practice; the role of education. Nurse Education Today 12: 2–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johns, C. 1993a On becoming effective in taking ethical actions. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2: 307–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johns, C. 1993b Professional supervision. Journal of Nursing Management 1: 9–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johns, C. 1995 The value of reflective practice for nursing. Journal of Clinical Nursing 4: 23–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, M. and Webb, C. 1995 Rediscovering unpopular patients: the concept of social judgement. Journal of Advanced Nursing 21(21): 466–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kilty, J. 1978 Self and Peer Assessment. Human Potential Research Project. Guildford: University of Surrey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, M.P. and May, D. 1982 Good and bad patients: a review of the literature and a theoretical critique. Journal of Advanced Nursing 7: 147–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knight, J. 1992 The lecturer-practitioner role: an exploration and reflection. Journal of Clinical Nursing 1: 58–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCaugherty, D. 1991 The theory—practice gap in nurse education: its cases and possible solutions. Journal of Advanced Nursing 16: 1055–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maslach, C. 1981 Burnout: the Cost of Caring. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meerabeau, L. 1992 Tacit nursing knowledge: an untapped resource or a methodological headache? Journal of Advanced Nursing 17: 108–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Melia, K.M. 1987 Learning and Working: the Occupational Socialisation of Nurses. London: Tavistock.

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzies, I.E.P. 1959 The functioning of social systems as a defence against anxiety — a report on a study of the nursing service within a general hospital. Human Relations 13: 95–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, J.1993 New paradigm research in practice: the trials and tribulations of action research. Journal of Advanced Nursing 18: 1066–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Obholzer, A. and Roberts, V.Z. 1994 The Unconscious at Work. Individual and Organisational Stress in the Human Services. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • O’Callagahan, J. and Cowie, H. 1995 Video in counselling training — an exploratory study. Therapist 3: 29–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parry, E. and Richardson, A. 1996 NHS Psychotherapy Services in England. Review of Strategic Policy. NHS Executive: Department of Health.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peplau, H.E. 1952 Interpersonal Relations in Nursing. New York: Putnam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Platt-Koch, L.M. 1986 Clinical supervision for psychiatric nurses. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 26: 7–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polanyi, M. 1967 The Tacit Dimension. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, J.H. 1989 The reflective practitioner in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing 14: 824–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Proctor, B. 1986 Supervision: a co-operative exercise in accountability. In: Marken, M. and Payne, M. (eds) Enabling and Insuring: Supervision in Practice. Leicester: National Youth Bureau and Council for Education and Training in Youth and Community Work.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rafferty, M. and Coleman, M. 1995 Educating nurses to understand clinical supervision in practice. Nursing Standard 10(10): 38–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savage, J. 1990 The theory and practice of new nursing. Nursing Times 86(86): 42–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saylor, C.R. 1990 Reflection and professional education: art, science and competency. Nurse Educator 15: 8–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scanlon, C. and Baillie, A.P. 1994 ‘A preparation for practice?’Students’ experiences of counselling training within departments of higher education. Counselling Psychology Quarterly 7: 407–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schon, D.A. 1983 The Reflective Practitioner. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schon, D.A. 1987 Educating the Reflective Practitioner. London: Jossey Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharpe, M. 1994 The Third Eye. Supervision of Analytic Groups. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharpe, M. 1995 Training of supervisors. In: Sharpe, M. (ed.) The Third Eye. Supervision of Analytic Groups. London: Routledge.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Skynner, A.C.R. 1989 Institutes and How to Survive Them: Mental Health Training and Consultation. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stockwell, E. 1972 The Unpopular Patient. London: Royal College of Nursing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Travelbee, J. 1971 Intervention in Psychiatric Nursing. Process in the One to One Relationship. Philadelphia: FA Davis.

    Google Scholar 

  • UKCC (United Kingdom Central Council for Nurses and Midwives) 1996 A Position Statement on Clinical Supervision for Nursing and Health Visiting. London: UKCC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, H. 1989 Groupwork: Perspectives and Practice. London: Scutari Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, H. 1991 The patient, the nurse, his life and her mother: psychodynamic influences in nursing education and practice. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 5(5): 139–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, S.G. 1992 Modelling excellence: the role of the consultant nurse. In: Butterworth, T and Faugier, J. (eds) Clinical Supervision and Mentorship in Nursing. London: Chapman & Hall.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1998 Chris Scanlon

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Scanlon, C. (1998). Towards Effective Training of Clinical Supervisors. In: Bishop, V. (eds) Clinical Supervision in Practice. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14527-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14527-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-333-69626-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-349-14527-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics