Abstract
With the recent sweeping changes in the world, scholars are reconsidering many of their ideas about international relations. New topics are emerging, such as the relationship between Japan and Latin America, which had hardly attracted any interest before. This interest has derived largely from the decade of economic crisis in Latin America, US inability to deal with Latin American financial problems, and the emergence of Japan as a major economic power. Indeed, there are even expectations among some Latin American government officials and businesspeople that Japan represents a viable alternative to the United States as a source of capital and technology.
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Notes
On investment, see Yoshiyasu Ono and Hiroshi Yoshikawa, “Setsubi tōshi” (Industrial Investment), in Kenichi Imai and Ryutaro Komiya, (eds.), Nihon no kigyo (Japanese Companies) (Tokyo: Tokyo University Press, 1989). According to the US National Science Foundation, the research and development expenditure of the United States was $100.8 billion and Japan was $39.1 billion in 1987. However, Japan’s R&D represents 2.9 percent of GNP, whereas that of the United States is only 2.6 percent (Nihon Keizai Shimbun, New York, August 6, 1989).
M. Kimura, Sakoku to Silverroad, sekai no nakano Jipang (Why Japan Closed its Doors: The Price Revolution in the Pan-Pacific, 1600–1650) (Tokyo: Simul Press, 1989).
Toyo Keizai, Kaigai shinshutsu kigyō sōran, 1991 (Japanese Overseas Investment: A Complete Listing by Firms and Countries, 1991) (Tokyo: Toyo Keizai, 1991).
According to data compiled by a Dutch bank from Brazilian official announcements, Japanese companies were second with 15.2 percent ($224 million), after American companies with 29.6 percent ($436 million), in Brazil’s international auctions of debt — equity conversions that came into operation in 1988. See NMB Bank, Brazilian Debt—Equity Conversion Program: 1988 Results (São Paulo: NMB, 1988).
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan’s Official Development Assistance, Annual Report, 1988 (Tokyo: Association for Promotion of International Cooperation, 1989).
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© 1993 Barbara Stallings and Gabriel Székely
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Horisaka, K. (1993). Japan’s Economic Relations with Latin America. In: Stallings, B., Székely, G. (eds) Japan, the United States, and Latin America. St Antony’s/Macmillan Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13128-0_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13128-0_2
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