Abstract
Indonesia is a huge archipelago extending for 4500 km between the Asian and Australian continents. Once more or less completely covered in tropical rain and monsoon forests, Indonesia still retains well over one million square kilometres of such forests, more than any other nation in the region. Worldwide, only Brazil has more rain forest than Indonesia. There are major biogeographical differences between the different parts of Indonesia, of which the most important are between the western and the eastern ends. This difference is most clearly seen in the animals, which form two groups, divided by Wallace’s Line, which lies east of Borneo at the edge of the Sunda continental shelf and is one of the sharpest zoogeographical frontiers in the world. The single most important family of tropical timber trees, the Dipterocarpaceae, is found almost entirely in the lowland rain forests west of Wallace’s Line, but in general this frontier is much less important for plants than for animals.
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Collins, N.M., Sayer, J.A., Whitmore, T.C. (1991). Indonesia. In: Collins, N.M., Sayer, J.A., Whitmore, T.C. (eds) The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests Asia and the Pacific. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12030-7_19
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