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Second Messengers in Neuronal Growth and Degeneration

  • Chapter
Current Aspects of the Neurosciences

Abstract

Just as different animal and plant species are identifiable by their particular shapes and sizes, different cell types also have identifying forms. For example, in the nervous system different types of nerve cells and glial cells are easily discriminated (Figure 1). The shapes of all animal cells are determined largely by two interacting systems, the cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane. In general, the molecular compositions of these cellular building blocks are quite similar from cell type to cell type and from animal to animal. Thus, from yeast to man, cytoskeletal microfilaments are composed of essentially the same actin protein, and cell membranes possess similar phospholipid molecules. This conversion of cell structural components raises an intriguing question: If the building blocks of different cells are similar, then what accounts for the great diversity of cell shapes? One answer is that mechanisms exist for controlling the structural building blocks, and moulding them into their cell type-specific arrangements. The topic of this chapter concerns the intracellular signalling mechanisms that control the architecture of the fundamental cellular unit of the nervous system, the neuron.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40536-0230, USA

    Mark P. Mattson

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  1. Mark P. Mattson
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  1. Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6AW, UK

    Neville N. Osborne

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© 1990 Macmillan Publishers Limited

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Mattson, M.P. (1990). Second Messengers in Neuronal Growth and Degeneration. In: Osborne, N.N. (eds) Current Aspects of the Neurosciences. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11922-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11922-6_1

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