Skip to main content

Local Responses to Involuntary Relocation and Development in the Zambian portion of the Middle Zambezi Valley

  • Chapter

Abstract

In the late 1950s, 57 000 people were involuntarily moved within the Middle Zambezi Valley in anticipation of their fields and villages being flooded by waters rising behind the recently completed Kariba Dam. Development refugees, they were also rural to rural migrants, with the majority shifted to sites within 20 kilometres of their former homes. Prior to inundation the people lived in permanent villages along the Zambezi and the lower reaches of its major tributaries. Following removal, most were shifted inland along those same tributaries, while 6000 people were moved to the Lusitu region below the dam (see Map 12.1), with a still smaller number resettled on the adjacent plateau.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Brandt, H., H. Kerlen, M. Schumer, and P. Waller (1973) Report on the Development Possibilities of Gwembe South Region (Zambia), 2 vols. Berlin: German Development Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colson, Elizabeth F. (1956–82) Field Notes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandt, H. (1960) Social Organisation of the Gwembe Tonga. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandt, H. (1971) The Social Consequences of Resettlement. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colson, Elizabeth F., and Thayer Scudder (1975) ‘New economic relationships between the Gwembe Valley and the line of rail,’ in Parkin, D. (ed.) Town and Country in Central and Eastern Africa. London: Oxford University Press for the International African Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colson, Elizabeth F. (1988) For Prayer and Profit: The Ritual, Economic and Social Importance of Beer in Gwembe District. Zambia 1950–1982. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fried, Marc (1963) ‘Grieving for a lost home’ in Duhl, Leonard (ed.) The Urban Condition. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garbrecht, G., and S. Askoy (1969) A Report on a Preliminary Survey of the Technical Possibilities of Water and Land Resources Development in the Gwembe Valley, Zambia. Ankara.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haberad, Jonathan (1987–1988) Field Notes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haberad, Jonathan(1988), Jonathan(1988) ‘Neighbourhood and nation in Gwembe District, Zambia.’ Revised and expanded paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, October 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Labour Office (ILO), (1981) Basic Needs in an Economy Under Pressure. Addis Ababa. ILO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D. S. (1974) ‘The human geography of the region’, in Money, N. J., and D. S. Johnson, Zambia Geographical Association Magazine II. 25 (January), pp. 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, Timothy I. (1976) The Historical Tradition of the Peoples of the Gwembe Valley, Middle Zambezi. Ph.D. dissertation, University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, Timothy I. 1984. ‘Notes on the precolonial history of the Tonga, with emphasis on the Upper River Gwembe and Victoria Falls areas’, Unpublished manuscript.

    Google Scholar 

  • Northern Rhodesian Government Reports (1956–1963) Annual Reports of the Department of Agriculture dealing with Gwembe District.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1956–1986) Field Notes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1962) The Ecology of the Gwembe Tonga. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1971) Gathering among African Woodland Savannah Cultivators - A Case Study: The Gwembe Tonga. Zambian Papers, No. 5. Manchester: Manchester University Press for Institute for African Studies, University of Zambia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1980) ‘River-basin development and local initiative in African Savanna environments,’ in Harris, David R. (ed.) Human Ecology in Savanna Environments. London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1983) ‘Economic downturn and community unraveling: The Gwembe Tonga revisited’, in Culture and Agriculture, vol. 18, pp. 16–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1984) ‘Economic downturn and community unraveling, revisited’, in Culture and Agriculture, vol. 23, pp. 6–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1985) A History of Development in the Twentieth Century: The Zam-bian Portion of the Middle Zambezi Valley and the Lake Kariba Basin. Binghampton, New York: Institute of Development Anthropology, Working Paper 23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer and Elizabeth F. Colson (1979) ‘Long-term research in Gwembe Valley, Zambia’, in Foster, George, Thayer Scudder, Elizabeth F. Colson and Robert Van Kemper (eds), Long-Term Field Research in Social Anthropology. London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1980) Secondary Education and the Formation of an Elite: The Impact of Education on Gwembe District. London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, Thayer (1982) ‘From welfare to development: A conceptual framework for the analysis of dislocated people’, in Hansen, A. and A. Oliver-Smith (eds), Involuntary Migration and Resettlement: The Problems and Reforms of Dislocated People. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (1978) Agricultural Land Settlement, a World Bank Issue Paper. Washington DC: The World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (1985) The Experience of the World Bank with Government-sponsored Land Settlement. Report No. 5625. Washington DC: The World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambian Government Reports (1964–1981) Gwembe District (and Subdistrict) Administration Reports.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambian Government Reports (1964–1981) Gwembe District Department of Agriculture Reports.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambian Government Reports (1964–1972) Reports of the Department of Veterinary and Tsetse Control Services dealing with Gwembe District.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambian Government Reports (1964–1966) Meeting Minutes of the Gwembe Special Fund.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambian Government Reports (1980) Report of the Administrative Committee of Enquiry into the Salaries, Salary and Conditions of Service of the Zambian Public and Teaching Services, the Local Government Service, the Judicial Service, the Zambia Police and the Prisons Service. Vol. 1. Lusaka: Government Printer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambian Government Reports (1986) M.A.W.D. (Ministry of Agriculture and Water Development), Department of Veterinary and Tsetse Control Services. Annual Report 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambian Government Reports (1988) M.A.W.D. Farm Family Registration, January 1988.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1991 J. A. Mollett

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Scudder, T., Habarad, J. (1991). Local Responses to Involuntary Relocation and Development in the Zambian portion of the Middle Zambezi Valley. In: Mollett, J.A. (eds) Migrants in Agricultural Development. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11830-4_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics