Abstract
Since the formulation of the development thesis in the 1950s, the literature of institutional evolution has been erratic and diverse. The concern of scholars continues to be with the evolution of institutions in the developing world, and not with the adequacy of the evolutionary theories themselves. In this literary preoccupation almost every theoretical proposition, including those of the previous evolutionary utility theories, seems highly debatable.
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Notes
Richard A. Garver (ed.), Research Priorities for East Africa ( Nairobi, Kenya: East African Institute Press, 1966 )
see also the publication of the East African Academy, Research Services in East Africa (Nairobi, Kenya: East African Institute Press, 1965 ).
Richard J. Barber, The Politics of Research ( Washington, DC; Public Affairs Press, 1966 ), pp. 71–90.
See also Mekki Mtewa (ed.), Science, Technology and Development ( Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1982 ) pp. 69–83.
W. W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth ( New York: Cambridge University Press, 1960 ).
André G. Frank, Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America ( New York: Monthly Review Press, 1967 ).
Albert O. Hirschman, The Strategy of Economic Development ( New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1958 ).
Economic Commission for Africa, Integrated Approach to Rural Development in Africa ( New York: United Nations, 1971 );and see Africa’s Strategy for Development in the 1970s (New York: United Nations, n.d.).
Richard Rose, Managing Presidential Objectives ( New York: The Free Press, 1976 ), pp. 145–69.
Arnold Rivkin, Nation-Building in Africa: Problems and Prospects ( New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1969 ), p. 156.
James Pickett, ‘Development planning in Ghana’, Economic Bulletin for Africa, Vol. 12 (1976), pp. 9–18.
F. O. Masakhalia, ‘Development planning in Kenya in the post-independence period’, Economic Bulletin for Africa, Vol. 12 (1976), p. 25.
Andrew M. Kamarck, The Economics of African Development ( New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1967 ), pp. 209–21.
O. B. Forrest, Financing Development Plans in West Africa ( Cambridge, MA: MIT Center for International Studies, 1965 ).
Albert O. Hirschman, The Strategy of Economic Development (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1958); also his ‘The search for paradigms as a hindrance to understanding’, op. cit.
W. A. Lewis, ‘Aspect of economic development’, background paper for The African Conference on Progress Through Co-operation (Kampala, Uganda: Makerere University College, 1965 ). ( Mimeographed. )
Peter M. Blau, The Dynamics of Bureaucracy: A Study of Interpersonal Relations in Two Government Agencies ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969 ), p. 257.
Victor A. Thompson, Bureaucracy and Innovation (University, AL: University of Alabama Press, 1969 ).
Emmett S. Redford, Democracy in the Administrative State ( New York: Oxford University Press, 1969 ), pp. 52–3.
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Seminar on Consulting Services ( Washington, DC: IBRD, 1972 ), pp. 1–27.
Edward J. Schumacher, Politics, Bureaucracy, and Rural Development in Senegal ( Berkeley, University of California Press, 1975 ), p. 86.
Robert S. Friedman, Professionalism: Expertise and Policy Making ( New York: General Learning Press, 1971 ), pp. 1–22.
Dale D. McConkey, MDO for Non-Profit Organizations ( New York: AMACOM, 1975 ), pp. 99–114.
Charles L. Schultze, The Politics and Economics of Public Spending ( Washington, DC: Theookings Institution, 1968 ), pp. 51–2.
Lyman W. Porter, Edward E. Lawler III and J. Richard Hackman, Behavior in Organizations ( New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975 ), pp. 242–5.
Mekki Mtewa, Public Policy and Development Politics: The Politics of Technical Expertise in Africa (Lanham, MD: 1981), Chapter 1, pp. 1–16.
David Easton,A Systems Analysis of Political Life ( New York, John Wiley, 1965 ).
Dye, Thomas R., Understanding Public Policy ( Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1972 ), p. 27.
Willard van Orman Quine, ‘Two Dogmas of Empiricism’, in From a Logical Point of View ( New York: Harper & Row, 1953 ).
Mekki Mtewa (ed.), Science, Technology and Development: Options and Policies ( Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1982 ), pp. 43–80.
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Mtewa, M. (1990). Science and Technology for Development: Theory and Practice. In: Mtewa, M. (eds) International Science and Technology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11672-0_1
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