Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Oligodeoxynucleotides pp 137–172Cite as

Control of Gene Expression by Oligodeoxynucleotides Covalently Linked to Intercalating Agents and Nucleic Acid-cleaving Reagents

  • Chapter

  • 19 Accesses

Part of the book series: Topics in Molecular and Structural Biology ((TMSB))

Abstract

Gene expression in all living organisms is controlled at different steps of information processing: transcription of DNA into premessenger RNAs; splicing of mRNA precursors; post-transcriptional modifications of mRNAs (capping, polyadenylation); transfer of mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; translation of mRNA; mRNA stability …. In most cases this regulation is achieved by proteins that bind to specific regions of DNA or RNA and either block or stimulate the enzymatic processes (see Hélène and Lancelot, 1982, for a review). Recently it has been shown that small RNAs could play a role similar to that of regulatory proteins. Upon hybridization with a messenger RNA, these regulatory RNAs may alter the translation process or induce premature termination of transcription (see Green et al., 1986, for a review). These regulatory processes have been originally observed in bacteria (Green et al., 1986) but they might also occur in eukaryotes (Heywood, 1986). The discovery of regulatory RNAs has been the starting point for the design of ‘antisense’ RNAs. By inserting a gene fragment close to a strong promoter in the reverse orientation as compared with that of the gene itself, the non-template strand of the gene fragment is now used as a template by RNA polymerase. As a consequence this ‘antisense’ transcript is fully complementary to the mRNA. This might block mRNA translation or other post-transcriptional processes such as splicing or mRNA migration from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (Kim and Wold, 1985; Green et al., 1986).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Asseline, U., Delarue, M., Lancelot, G., Toulmé, F., Thuong, N. T., Montenay-Garestier, T. and Hélène, C. (1984a). Nucleic acid-binding molecules with high affinity and base sequence specificity: intercalating agents covalently linked to oligodeoxynucleotides. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 81, 3297–3301

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Asseline, U., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1983). New substances with high and specific affinity toward nucleic acid sequences: intercalating agents covalently linked to an oligodeoxynucleotide. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 297 (III), 369–372

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asseline, U., Toulmé, F., Thuong, N. T., Delarue, M., Montenay-Garestier, T. and Hélène, C. (1984b). Oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to intercalating dyes as base sequence-specific ligands. Influence of dye attachment site. EMBO Jl, 3, 795–800

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Audet, R. G., Goodchild, J. and Richter, J. D. (1987). Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A stimulates translation in microinjected Xenopus oocytes. Develop. Biol., 121, 58–68

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blake, K. R., Murakami, A. and Miller, P. S. (1985a). Inhibition of rabbit globin mRNA translation by sequence-specific oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Biochemistry, 24, 6132–6138

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blake, K. R., Murakami, A., Spitz, S. A, Glave, S. A, Reddy, M. P., Ts’o, P. O. P. and Miller, P. S. (1985b). Hybridization arrest of globin synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lysates and cells by oligodeoxyribonucleoside methylphosphonates. Biochemistry, 24, 6139–6145

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boidot-Forget, M., Chassignol, M., Takasugi, M., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1988). Site-specific cleavage of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA sequences by oligodeoxyribonucleotides covalently linked to an intercalating agent and an EDTA-Fe chelate. Gene, 72, 361–371

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boidot-Forget, M., Thuong, N. T., Chassignol, M. and Hélène, C. (1986). Artificial nucleases: sequence-specific cleavage of single-stranded nucleic acids by oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to EDTA and to an intercalating agent. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 302 (II), 75–80

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borst, P. (1986). Discontinuous transcription and antigenic variation in trypanosomes. Ann. Rev. Biochem., 55, 701–732

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boutorin, A. S., Vlassov, V. V., Kazakov, S. A., Kutiavin, I. V. and Podyminogin, M. A. (1984). Complementary addressed reagents carrying EDTA-Fe(II) groups for directed cleavage of single-stranded nucleic acids. FEBS Lett., 172, 43–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Broitman, S. L., Im, D. D. and Fresco, J. R. (1987). Formation of the triple-stranded polynucleotide helix, poly(A.A.U). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 5120–5124

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Busen, W. (1982). The subunit structure of calf thymus ribonuclease H1 as revealed by immunological analysis. J. Biol. Chem., 257, 7106–7108

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cazenave, C., Chevrier, M., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1987b). Rate of degradation of [α]-and [β]-oligodeoxynucleotides in Xenopus oocytes. Implications for anti-messenger strategies. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 10507–10521

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cazenave, C., Loreau, N., Thuong, N. T., Toulmé, J. J. and Hélène, C. (1987a). Enzymatic amplification of translation inhibition of rabbit β-globin mRNA mediated by anti-messenger oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to intercalating agents. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 4717–4736

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cazenave, C., Loreau, N., Toulmé, J. J. and Hélène, C. (1986). Anti-messenger oligodeoxynucleotides: specific inhibition of rabbit β-globin synthesis in wheat germ extracts and Xenopus oocytes. Biochimie, 68, 1063–1069

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cazenave, C., Stein, C. A., Loreau, N., Thuong, N. T., Neckers, L. M., Subasinghe, C., Hélène, C., Cohen, J. S. and Toulmé, J. J. (1989). Comparative inhibition of rabbit globin mRNA translation by modified antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Nucl. Acids Res., 17, 4255–4273

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C. H. B. and Sigman, D. S. (1986). Nuclease activity of 1,10-phenanthroline-copper: sequence-specific targeting. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 83, 7147–7151

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C. H. B. and Sigman, D. S. (1988). Sequence-specific scission of RNA by 1,10-phenanthroline-copper linked to deoxyoligonucleotides. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 110, 6570–6572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chu, B. C. F. and Orgel, L. E. (1985). Nonenzymatic sequence-specific cleavage of single-stranded DNA. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 963–967

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cooney, M., Czernuszewicz, G., Postel, E. H., Flint, S. J. and Hogan, M. E. (1988). Site-specific oligonucleotide binding represses transcription of the human c-myc gene in vitro. Science, 241, 456–459

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cornelissen, A. W. C. A., Verspieren, P., Toulmé, J. J., Swinkels, B. W. and Borst, P. (1986). The common 5′ terminal sequence on trypanosome mRNAs: a target for anti-messenger oligodeoxynucleotides. Nucl. Acids Res., 14, 5605–5614

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crouch, R. J. and Dirksen, M. L. (1982). Ribonucleases H. In Nucleases (Eds S. M. Linn and R. J. Roberts), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, pp. 211–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Dash, P., Lotan, I., Knapp, M., Kandel, E. R. and Goelet, P. (1987). Selective elimination of mRNAs in vivo: complementary oligodeoxynucleotides promote RNA degradation by an RNaseH-like activity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 7896–7900

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Donnis-Keller, H. (1979). Site-specific enzymatic cleavage of RNA. Nucl. Acids Res., 7, 179–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dreyer, G. B. and Dervan, P. B. (1985). Sequence-specific cleavage of single-stranded DNA: oligodeoxynucleotide-EDTA-Fe(II). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 968–972

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fedorova, O. S., Knorre, D. G., Podust, L. M. and Zarytova, V. F. (1988). Complementary addressed modification of double-stranded DNA within a ternary complex. FEBS Lett., 228, 273–276

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • François, J. C., Saison-Behmoaras, T., Chassignol, M., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1988a). Restriction-like artificial endonucleases: oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to a copper-phenanthroline chelate recognize the major groove of DNA and cleave at specific sequences. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 307 (III), 849–854

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • François, J. C., Saison-Behmoaras, T., Chassignol, M., Thuong, N. T., Sun, J. S. and Hélène, C. (1988b). Periodic cleavage of poly(dA) by oligothymidylates covalently linked to 1,10-phenanthroline-copper complex. Biochemistry, 27, 2272–2276

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • François, J. C., Saison-Behmoaras, T. and Hélène, C. (1988c). Sequence-specific recognition of the major groove of DNA by oligodeoxynucleotides via triple helix formation. Footprinting studies. Nucl. Acids Res., 16, 11431–11440

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • François, J. C., Saison-Behmoaras, T., Chassignol, M., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1989). Sequence-targeted cleavage of single- and double-stranded DNA by oligothymidylates covalently linked to 1,10-phenanthroline. J. Biol. Chem., 264, 5891–5898

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Freistadt, M. S., Cross, A. M., Branch, A. D. and Robertson, H. D. (1987). Direct analysis of the mini-exon donor RNA of Trypanosoma brucei: detection of a novel cap structure also present in messenger RNA. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 9861–9879

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gabriel, A., Sisodia, S. S. and Cleveland, D. W. (1987). Evidence of discontinuous transcription in the Trypanosomatid Crithidia fasciculata. J. Biol. Chem., 262, 16192–16199

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gagnor, C., Bertrand, J. R., Thenet, S., Lemaître, M., Morvan, F., Rayner, B., Malvy, C., Lebleu, B., Imbach, J. L. and Paoletti, C. (1987). Alpha-DNA VI: comparative study of alpha- and beta-anomeric oligonucleotides in hybridization to mRNA and in cell-free translation inhibition. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 10419–10436

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gamper, H. B., Cimino, G. D. and Hearst, J. E. (1987). Solution hybridization of cross-linkable oligonucleotides to bacteriophage M13 DNA. Effect of secondary structure on hybridization kinetics and equilibria. J. Mol. Biol., 197, 349–362

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gauthier, C., Morvan, F., Rayner, B., Huynh-Dinh, T., Igolen, J., Imbach, J. L., Paoletti, C. and Paoletti, J. (1987). Alpha-DNA IV: alpha-anomeric and beta-anomeric tetra-thymidylates covalently linked to intercalating oxazolopyridocarbazole. Synthesis, physicochemical properties and poly(rA) binding. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 6625–6641

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grachev, M. A., Zaychikov, E. F., Ivanova, E. M., Komarova, N. I., Kutyavin, I. V., Sidelnikova, N. P. and Frolova, I. P. (1984). Oligonucleotides complementary to a promoter over the region −8 … +2 as transcription primers for E. coli RNA polymerase. Nucl. Acids Res., 12, 8509–8524

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green, P. J., Pines, O. and Inouye, M. (1986). The role of antisense RNA in gene regulation. Ann. Rev. Biochem., 55, 569–597

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harel-Bellan, A., Ferris, D. K., Vinocour, M., Holt, J. T. and Farrar, W. L. (1988). Specific inhibition of c-myc protein biosynthesis using an anti-sense synthetic deoxyoligonucleotide in human T lymphocytes. J. Immun., 140, 2431–2435

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harland, R. and Weintraub, H. (1985). Translation of mRNA injected into Xenopus oocytes is specifically inhibited by antisense RNA. J. Cell Biol., 101, 1094–1099

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heikkila, R., Schwab, G., Wickstrom, E., Loke, S. L., Pluznik, D. H., Watt, R. and Neckers, L. M. (1987). A c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibits entry into S phase but not progress from G0 to G1. Nature, 328, 445–449

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hélène, C. (1987). Specific gene regulation by oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to intercalating agents. In DNA-Ligand Interactions (Eds W. Guschlbauer and W. Saenger), Plenum, pp. 127–140

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hélène, C. and Lancelot, G. (1982). Interactions between functional groups in protein-nucleic acid associations. Prog. Biophys. Molec. Biol., 39, 1–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hélène, C., Montenay-Garestier, T., Saison, T., Takasugi, M., Toulmé, J. J., Asseline, U., Lancelot, G., Maurizot, J. C., Toulmé, F. and Thuong, N. T. (1985). Oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to intercalating agents: a new class of gene regulatory substances. Biochimie, 67, 777–783

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hélène, C. and Thuong, N. T. (1988). Oligo-alpha-deoxyribonucleotides covalently linked to intercalating agents. A new family of sequence-specific nucleic acid reagents. In Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology (Eds F. Eckstein and D. Lilley), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Vol. 2, pp. 105–123

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Heywood, S. M. (1986). tcRNA as a naturally occurring antisense RNA in eukaryotes. Nucl. Acids Res., 14, 6771–6772

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holt, J. T., Redner, R. L. and Nienhuis, A. W. (1988). An oligomer complementary to c-myc mRNA inhibits proliferation of HL-60 promyelocytic cells and induces differentiation. Mol. Cell. Biol., 8, 963–973

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jayaraman, K., McParland, K., Miller, P. and Ts’o, P. O. P. (1981). Selective inhibition of Escherichia coli protein synthesis and growth by nonionic oligonucleotides complementary to the 3′ end of 16S rRNA. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 78, 1537–1541

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jessus, C., Cazenave, C., Ozon, R. and Hélène, C. (1988). Specific inhibition of endogenous β-tubulin synthesis in Xenopus oocytes by anti-messenger oligodeoxynucleotides. Nucl. Acids Res., 16, 2225–2233

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawasaki, E. S. (1985). Quantitative hybridization-arrest of mRNA in Xenopus oocytes using single-stranded complementary DNA or oligonucleotide probes. Nucl. Acids Res., 13, 4991–5004

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kean, J. M., Murakami, A., Blake, K. R., Cushman, C. D. and Miller, P. S. (1988). Photochemical cross-linking of psoralen-derivatized oligonucleoside methylphosphonates to rabbit globin messenger RNA. Biochemistry, 27, 9113–9121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, S. K. and Wold, B. J. (1985). Stable reduction of thymidine kinase activity in cells expressing high levels of anti-sense RNA. Cell, 42, 129–138

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knorre, D. G. and Vlassov, V. V. (1985). Complementary-addressed (sequence specific) modification of nucleic acids. Prog. Nucl. Acid Res. Mol. Biol., 32, 291–320

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, T. G., Ray, B. K., Dodds, J. T., Grifo, J. A., Abramson, R. D., Merrick, W. C., Betsch, D. F., Weith, H. L. and Thach, R. E. (1986). Influence of 5′ proximal secondary structure on the translational efficiency of eukaryotic mRNAs and on their interaction with initiation factors. J. Biol. Chem., 261, 13979–13989

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Le Doan, T., Perrouault, L., Chassignol, M., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1987a). Sequence-targeted chemical modifications of nucleic acids by complementary oligonucleotides covalently linked to porphyrins. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 8643–8659

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le Doan, T., Perrouault, L., Hélène, C., Chassignol, M. and Thuong, N. T. (1986). Targeted cleavage of polynucleotides by complementary oligonucleotides covalently linked to iron-porphyrins. Biochemistry, 25, 6736–6739

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Le Doan, T., Perrouault, L., Praseuth, D., Habhoub, N., Decout, J. L., Thuong, N., L’homme, J. and Hélène, C. (1987b). Sequence-specific recognition, photocrosslinking and cleavage of the DNA double helix by an oligo-alpha-thymidylate covalently linked to an azidoproflavine derivative. Nucl. Acids Res., 19, 7749–7760

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, B. L., Murakami, A., Blake, K. R., Lin, S. B. and Miller, P. S. (1988). Interaction of psoralen-derivatized oligodeoxyribonucleoside methylphosphonates with single-stranded DNA. Biochemistry, 27, 3197–3203

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J. S., Woodsworth, M. L., Latimer, L. J. P. and Morgan, A. R. (1984). Poly(pyrimidine) poly(purine) synthetic DNAs containing 5-methylcytosine form stable triplexes at neutral pH. Nucl. Acids Res., 12, 6603–6614

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lemaître, M., Bayard, B. and Lebleu, B. (1987). Specific antiviral activity of a poly(l-lysine)-conjugated oligodeoxyribonucleotide sequence complementary to vesicular stomatitis virus N protein mRNA initiation site. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 648–652

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leonetti, J. P., Rayner, B., Lemaître, M., Gagnor, C., Milhaud, P. G., Imbach, J. L. and Lebleu, B. (1988). Antiviral activity of conjugates between poly(l-lysine) and synthetic oligodeoxyri-bonucleotides. Gene, 72, 323–332

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liebhaber, S. A., Cash, F. E. and Shakin, S. H. (1984). Translationally associated helix-destabilizing activity in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. J. Biol. Chem., 259, 15597–15602

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lyamichev, V. I., Mirkin, S. M., Frank-Kamenetskii, M. D. and Cantor, C. R. (1988). A stable complex between homopyrimidine oligomers and the homologous regions of duplex DNAs. Nucl. Acids Res., 16, 2165–2178

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marcus-Sekura, C. J., Woerner, A. M., Shinozuka, K., Zon, G. and Quinnan, G. V. J. R. (1987). Comparative inhibition of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene expression by antisense oligonucleotide analogues having alkyl phosphotriester, methylphosphonate and phosphorothioate linkages. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 5749–5763

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matsukura, M., Shinokuza, K., Zon, G., Mitsuya, H., Reitz, M., Cohen, J. S. and Broder, S. (1987). Phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotides: inhibitors of replication and cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 7706–7710

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Melton, D. A. (1985). Injected anti-sense RNAs specifically block messenger RNA translation in vivo. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 144–148

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, P. S., Agris, C. H., Blake, K. R., Murakami, A., Spitz, S. A., Reddy, P. M. and Ts’o, P. O. P. (1983). Nonionic oligonucleotide analogs as new tools for studies on the structure and function of nucleic acids inside living cells. In Nucleic Acids: The Vectors of Life (Eds B. Pullman and J. Jortner), Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 521–535

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, P. S., McParland, K. B., Jayaraman, K. and Ts’o, P. O. P. (1981). Biochemical and biological effects of nonionic nucleic acid methylphosphonates. Biochemistry, 20, 1874–1880

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, S. I., Landfear, S. M. and Wirth, D. F. (1986). Cloning and characterization of a Leishmania gene encoding an RNA spliced leader sequence. Nucl. Acids Res., 14, 7341–7360

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Minshull, J. and Hunt, T. (1986). The use of single-stranded DNA and RNaseH to promote quantitative ‘hybrid arrest of translation’ of mRNA/DNA hybrids in reticulocyte lysate cell-free translations. Nucl. Acids Res., 14, 6433–6451

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moser, H. E. and Dervan, P. B. (1987). Sequence-specific cleavage of double helical DNA by triple helix formation. Science, 238, 645–650

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okamoto, K. and Freundlich, M. (1986). Mechanism for the autogenous control of the crp Operon: transcriptional inhibition by a divergent RNA transcript. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 83, 5000–5004

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Opperdoes, F. R. (1985). Biochemical peculiarities of trypanosomes, African and South American. Br. Med. Bull., 41, 130–136

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, B. M., Roberts, B. E. and Kuff, E. L. (1977). Structural gene identification and mapping by DNA-mRNA hybrid-arrested cell-free translation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 74, 4370–4374

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Praseuth, D., Chassignol, M., Takasugi, M., Le Doan, T., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1987). Double helices with parallel strands are formed by nuclease-resistant oligo-alpha-deoxynucleotides and oligo-alpha-deoxynucleotides covalently linked to an intercalating agent with complementary oligo-beta-deoxynucleotides. J. Mol. Biol., 196, 939–942

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Praseuth, D., Le Doan, T., Chassignol, M., Decout, J. L., Habhoub, N., L’homme, J., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1988a). Sequence-targeted photosensitized reactions in nucleic acids by oligo-alpha-deoxynucleotides and oligo-beta-deoxynucleotides covalently linked to proflavine. Biochemistry, 27, 3031–3038

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Praseuth, D., Perrouault, L., Le Doan, T., Chassignol, M., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1988b). Sequence-specific binding and photocrosslinking of alpha and beta oligodeoxynucleotides to the major groove of DNA via triple-helix formation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 1349–1353

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sagata, N., Oskarsson, M., Copeland, T., Brumbaugh, G. and Van de Woude, G. F. (1988). Function of c-mos proto-oncogene product in meiotic maturation in Xenopus oocytes. Nature, 335, 519–525

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sequin, U. (1973). Nucleosides and nucleotides. Part 5. The stereochemistry of oligonucleotides consisting of 2′-deoxy-alpha-d-ribosides: a study with dreiding stereomodels. Experientia, 29, 1059–1062

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shakin, S. H. and Liebhaber, S. A. (1986). Destabilization of messenger RNA/complementary DNA duplexes by the elongating 80 S ribosome. J. Biol. Chem., 261, 16018–16025

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sheflin, L. G. and Kowalski, D. (1985). Altered DNA conformations detected by mung bean nuclease occur in promoter and terminator regions of supercoiled pBR322 DNA. Nucl. Acids Res., 13, 6137–6155

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shuttleworth, J. and Colman, A. (1988). Anti-sense oligonucleotide-directed cleavage of mRNA in Xenopus oocytes and eggs. EMBO Jl, 7, 427–434

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. C., Dworkin, M. B. and Dworkin-Rastl, E. (1988). Destruction of a translationally controlled mRNA in Xenopus oocytes delays progesterone-induced maturation. Genes Dev., 2, 1296–1306

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stein, C. A. and Cohen, J. S. (1988). Oligodeoxynucleotides as inhibitors of gene expression: a review. Cancer Res., 48, 2659–2668

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stein, C. A., Subasinghe, C., Shinozuka, K. and Cohen, J. S. (1988). Physicochemical properties of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides. Nucl. Acids Res., 16, 3209–3221

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stephenson, M. L. and Zamecnik, P. C. (1978). Inhibition of Rous sarcoma viral RNA translation by a specific oligodeoxyribonucleotide. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 75, 285–288

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strobel, S. A., Moser, H. E. and Dervan, P. B. (1988). Double-stranded cleavage of genomic DNA at a single site by triple-helix formation. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 110, 7927–7929

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Summerton, J. (1979). Intracellular inactivation of specific nucleotide sequences: a general approach to the treatment of viral diseases and virally-mediated cancers. J. Theor. Biol., 78, 77–99

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, J. S., Asseline, U., Rouzaud, D., Montenay-Garestier, T., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1987). Oligo-alpha-deoxynucleotides covalently linked to an intercalating agent. Double helices with parallel strands are formed with complementary oligo-beta-deoxynucleotides. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 6149–6158

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, S. J., François, J. C., Lavery, R., Saison-Behmoaras, T., Montenay-Garestier, T., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1988). Sequence-targeted cleavage of nucleic acids by oligo-alpha-thymidylate-phenanthroline conjugates: parallel and antiparallel double helices are formed with DNA and RNA, respectively. Biochemistry, 27, 6039–6045

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thuong, N. T., Asseline, U., Roig, V., Takasugi, M. and Hélène, C. (1987). Oligo(alpha-deoxynucleotides) covalently linked to intercalating agents: differential binding of ribo- and deoxyribopolynucleotides and stability towards nuclease digestion. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 5129–5133

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toulmé, J. J. and Hélène, C. (1988). Antimessenger oligodeoxynucleotides: an alternative to antisense RNA for artificial regulation of gene expression — a review. Gene, 72, 51–58

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toulmé, J. J., Krisch, H. M., Loreau, N., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1986). Specific inhibition of mRNA translation by complementary oligonucleotides covalently linked to intercalating agents. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 83, 1227–1231

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trudel, M., Dondon, J., Grunberg-Manago, M., Finelli, J. and Buckingham, R. H. (1981). Effect of oligonucleotide AGAGGAGGU on protein synthesis in vitro. Biochimie, 63, 235–240

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verspieren, P., Cornelissen, A. W. C. A., Thuong, N. T., Hélène, C. and Toulmé, J. J. (1987). An acridine-linked-oligodeoxynucleotide targeted to the common 5′ end of trypanosome mRNAs kills cultured parasites. Gene, 61, 307–315

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verspieren, P., Thuong, N. T., Hélène, C. and Toulmé, J. J. (1988). Anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides as regulatory agents for trypanosomal genes. In Current Communications in Molecular Biology: Antisense RNA and DNA (Ed. D. Melton), Cold Spring Harbor, pp. 53–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Vlassov, V. V., Gaidamakov, S. A., Zarytova, V. F., Knorre, D. G., Levina, A. S., Nikonova, A. A., Podust, L. M. and Fedorova, O. S. (1988). Sequence-specific modification of double-stranded DNA with alkylating oligonucleotide derivatives. Gene, 72, 313–322

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vlassov, V. V., Zarytova, V. F., Kutiavin, I. V., Mamaev, S. V. and Podyminogin, M. A. (1986). Complementary addressed modification and cleavage of a single stranded DNA fragment with alkylating oligonucleotide derivatives. Nucl. Acids Res., 14, 4065–4076

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walder, J. A., Eder, P. S., Engman, D. M., Brentano, S. T., Walder, R. Y., Knutzon, D. S., Dorfman, D. M. and Donelson, J. E. (1986). The 35-nucleotide spliced leader sequence is common to all trypanosome messenger RNAs. Science, 233, 569–571

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walder, R. Y. and Walder, J. A. (1988). Role of RNaseH in hybrid-arrested translation by antisense oligonucleotides. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 5011–5015

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wickstrom, E. (1986). Oligodeoxynucleotide stability in subcellular extracts and culture media. J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods, 13, 97–102

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wickstrom, E. L., Bacon, T. A., Gonzalez, A., Freeman, D. L., Lyman, D. L. and Wickstrom, E. (1988). Human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell proliferation and c-myc protein expression are inhibited by an anti-sense pentadecadeoxynucleotide. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 1028–1032

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zerial, A., Thuong, N. T. and Hélène, C. (1987). Selective inhibition of the cytopathic effect of type A influenza viruses by oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to an intercalating agent. Nucl. Acids Res., 15, 9909–9919

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Claude Hélène
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jean-Jacques Toulmé
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Jack S. Cohen

Copyright information

© 1989 The Contributors

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hélène, C., Toulmé, JJ. (1989). Control of Gene Expression by Oligodeoxynucleotides Covalently Linked to Intercalating Agents and Nucleic Acid-cleaving Reagents. In: Cohen, J.S. (eds) Oligodeoxynucleotides. Topics in Molecular and Structural Biology. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10869-5_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation