Abstract
The process in East-West relations which is usually characterised as detente reached its high point in Europe during the early years of Bonn’s policy of Ostpolitik. Away from Europe, the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) were the high point of bi-polar, superpower detente. The low point arguably came with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979: a clear breach of a number of the Ten Principles of the Final Act (although Afghanistan fell outside the CSCE ‘area’ the Soviet invasion showed a disregard for the standards of international behaviour set in the Final Act), and a severe jolt to the confidence engendered by more than a decade of halting progress towards greater confidence among the European community of states. The restrictions increasingly placed on human-rights campaigners (Sakharov, Orlov, Scharansky) in the Soviet Union, coupled with Soviet reaction to developments in Poland in 1980, cast a lengthening shadow over East-West relations.
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Notes
The concept of a European disarmament conference within CSCE became the subject of discussions in Eastern Europe, see A. D. Rotfeld, ‘Europe before Madrid’, and ‘Poland: The Implementation of the CSCE Final Act’ in Studies on International Relations, Polish Institute of International Affairs, No. 15, 1980, pp. 66–7
cited in H. G. Skilling, ‘The Madrid Follow-up’, in R. Spencer, Canada and the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (Toronto: University of Toronto, 1984) p. 309.
Sizoo, J. and R. Th. Jurrjens, CSCE Decision Making: The Madrid Experience (The Hague, 1984) p. 140. Jan Sizoo was a member of the Netherlands delegation at Madrid and subsequently at Stockholm.
Edwards, G., The Madrid Follow-up Meeting to the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe’, International Relations, Vol. VIII, No. 1, May 1984, p. 61.
See also M. Bowker and P. Williams, ‘Helsinki and West European Security’, International Affairs,Vol. 61, No. 4, Autumn 1985, p. 615; and Fifth Report from the Expenditure Committee of the House of Commons, session 1976–77 on progress towards implementation of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (London: HMSO, 1977) p. xvi.
Skilling, H. G., ‘CSCE in Madrid’, Problems of Communism, Vol. xxx, No. 4, July-August, 1981, p. 14.
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© 1991 Royal United Services Institute
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Freeman, J. (1991). Madrid and CSBMs. In: Security and the CSCE Process. RUSI Defence Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10741-4_8
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