Abstract
As a result of the decolonisation process which engulfed the Third World in the 1960s, today there are very few remaining colonies in the Caribbean area. There is no doubt that this is a healthy development, but a nagging question still remains. By virtue of their small size, precarious economic condition and negligible military capability, can it reasonably be said that international law in its present state of development provides sufficient guarantee for the territorial integrity and political independence of ministates? The very term ‘ministate’ is alien to international law; the 1933 Montevideo Convention On Rights And Duties of States,’ which is commonly accepted as reflecting the requirements of statehood at customary international law, stipulates in Article 1:
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Notes
165 League of Nations Treatv Series 19.
94 League of Nations Treaty Series 57.
Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations.
A. J. Day. Border and Territorial Disnutes (Harlow: Loneman. 1982).
Belize—Guatemala; Colombia—Nicaragua; Colombia—Venezuela; Cuba—United States; El Salvador—Honduras; France—Suriname; Guyana— Suriname; Guyana—Venezuela; Haiti—United States.
P. K. Menon, ‘The Anglo-Guatemalan Territorial Dispute over Belize’, The Caribbean Yearbook of International Relations (1977). p. 115.
Article 1(2) of the Charter of the United Nations.
The Treaty of Paris (1763); the Versailles Treaty (1783); the Convention of London (1786); the Treaty of Amiens (1802); the Treaty of Madrid (1814).
Day, Border and Territorial Disputes, p. 348.
K. R. Simmonds, ‘The Belize Mediation’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, vol. 17 (1968), p. 996.
Article 1(1) of both Covenants.
The Sandinista Government of Nicaragua on 4 Feb. 1980 unilaterally declared null and void a 1928 treaty in which Colombian sovereignty was recognised.
Article 1(1) of the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone; Article 2(1) of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Article 14(1).
Article 17.
Article 3.
See Article 47 of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
The states concerned have established a Regional Security System.
W. E. Hall, A Treatise on International Law, 8th edn by A. P. Higgins (Oxford: Clarendon 1924) p. 347.
J. W. Garner, ‘Questions of International Laws in the Spanish Civil War’, American Journal of International Law vol. 31 (1939), p. 66.
General Assembly Resolution 1514 (xv) December, 14, 1960.
Paragraph 2.
Reproduced in International Legal Materials, vol. 20 (1981) p. 1166.
Report of a Commonwealth Consultative Group (London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 1985) p. 25.
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© 1990 Anthony T. Bryan, J. Edward Greene and Timothy M. Shaw
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Francis, A. (1990). Threats to Territorial Integrity. In: Bryan, A.T., Greene, J.E., Shaw, T.M. (eds) Peace, Development and Security in the Caribbean. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10244-0_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10244-0_11
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