Abstract
Soon after King Sebastian died on a Moroccan battle-field, Portugal lost its independence. In 1580 Philip II of Spain cashed in on a century and a half of royal intermarriages to claim the Portuguese crown for the Spanish Hapsburgs and seized the country in a decisive military and naval operation.
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© 1988 George Modelski and Sylvia Modelski
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Modelski, G., Modelski, S. (1988). The United Provinces Open up the Ocean. In: Modelski, G., Modelski, S. (eds) Documenting Global Leadership. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10227-3_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10227-3_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-10229-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-10227-3
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